Colorectal stenting: An advanced approach to malignant colorectal obstruction

Table 1 Randomized controlled studies on self-expandable metallic stents as a bridge to surgery in patients with malignant colorectal obstruction

Ref.	Country	Centers	Population	Location	Stent type	Technical success	Clinical success	Stent perforation	Primary anastomosis	Permanant stoma	Leakage	Overall postoperative complication	Hospital stay (d)	Conclusion
Ghazal et al[20]	Egypt	1	60 (ST: 30; ES: 30)	Left colon	NA	ST: 96.7%	ST: 96.7%	No	NA	No	ST: 0%; ES: 3.3%	ST: 13.8%; ES: 50%	ST: 13; ES: 8	ST
Ho et al[21]	Singapore	1	39 (ST: 20; ES: 19)	Left colon	WallFlex	ST: 75%	ST: 70%	No	ST: 100%; ES: 100%	ST: 5%; ES: 10.5%	ST: 5%: ES: 0%	ST: 35%; ES, 58%	ST: 14; ES: 13	ST
Alcántara et al[22]	Spain	1	28 (ST: 15; ES: 13)	Left colon	Hanaro, WallFlex	ST: 100%	ST: 100%	No	ST: 93.3%; ES: 100%	No	ST, 5%: ES, 30.7%	ST: 13.3%; ES: 53.8%	ST: 13; ES: 10	ST
Pirlet et al[23]	France	9	60 (ST: 30; ES: 30)	Left colon	Bard	ST: 46.7%	ST: 40%	6.6%	ST, 73.3%; ES, 46.7%	ST: 30%; ES: 26.7%	ST: 6.6%: ES: 6.6%	ST: 26.7%; ES: 33.3%	ST: 23; ES: 17	ES
van Hooft et al[24]	Netherlands	25	98 (ST: 47; ES: 51)	Left colon	Wallstent	ST: 70.2%	ST: 70.2%	12.8%	ST: 44.7%; ES: 23.5%	NA	ST: 10.6%: ES: 1.9%	ST: 25%; ES: 23%	NA	ES
Cheung et al[25]	China	1	48 (ST: 24; ES: 24)	Left colon	Wallstent	ST: 83.3%	ST: 83.3%	No	ST: 83.3%; ES: 54%	ST: 16.7%; ES: 8.3%	ST: 0%: ES: 8.3%	ST: 8.3%; ES: 70.8%	ST: 13.5; ES: 14	ST

ST: Stent; ES: Emergent surgery; NA: Not available.

Table 2 Randomized controlled studies on self-expandable metallic stents as a palliative aim compared to surgery in patients with incurable malignant colorectal obstruction

Ref.	Country	Centers	Population	Location	Stent type	Technical success	Clinical success	Stent perforation	Stent migration	Stent reobstruction	Permanent stoma	Overall adverse events	Hospital stay (d)	Conclusion
van Hooft et al[34]	Netherlands	29	21 (ST: 11; ES: 10)	Left colorectum	WallFlex	ST: 90%	ST: 90%	Early: 20%; Late: 40%	10%	20%	NA	ST: 100%; ES: 10%	ST: 12; ES: 11	ES
Xinopoulos et al[28]	Greece	1	30 (ST: 15; ES: 15)	Left colon	Wallstent	ST: 93.3%	ST: 100%	None	None	42.9%	ST: 6.7%; ES: 100%	ST: 0%; ES: 9.1%	ST: 28; ES: 60	ST
Fiori et al[27]	Italy	1	28 (ST: 11; ES: 11)	Simgoid colon, rectum	Wallstent	ST: 100%	ST: 100%	NA	NA	NA	ST: 0%; ES: 100%	ST: 0%; ES: 9.1%	ST: 2.6; ES: 8.1	ST

ST: Stent; ES: Emergent surgery; NA: Not available.