Clinical significance of molecular diagnosis for gastric cancer lymph node micrometastasis

Table 1 Immunohistochemical studies in gastric cancer patients with histological node negatively diagnosed by hematoxylin-eosin staining n (%)

Ref.	Year	Marker	Depth of tumor invasion	No. of patients	No. of micrometastatic patients	5-yr survival	P value
Maehara et al[4]	1996	CAM5.2	T1	34	8 (23.5)	N/A	N/A
Cai et al[1]	2000	CAM5.2	T1b	69	17 (24.6)	82% vs 100%	< 0.010
Harrison et al[42]	2000	CAM5.2	T1-T4	25	9 (36)	35% vs 66%	0.048
Nakajo et al[41]	2001	AE1/AE3	T1-T3	67	10 (14.9)	N/A	N/A
Fukagawa et al[40]	2001	AE1/AE3	T2-T3	107	38 (35.5)	94% vs 89%	0.86
Morgagni et al[39]	2001	MNF116	T1	139	24 (17.3)	87% vs 88%	0.6564
Choi et al[38]	2002	35βH11	Tib	88	28 (31.8)	92.9% vs 95%	0.6836
Yasuda et al[29]	2002	CAM5.2	T2-T4a	64	20 (31.3)	66% vs 95%	< 0.010
Morgagni et al[37]	2003	MNF116	T1	300	30 (10)	94% vs 89%	0.7794
Miyake et al[36]	2006	AE1/AE3	T1	120	27 (22.5)	N/A	N/A
Yonemura et al[35]	2007	AE1/AE3	T1-T4	308	37 (12)	N/A	N/A
Kim et al[30]	2008	AE1/AE3	T1-T4a	184	31 (16.8)	58.5% vs 91.8%	< 0.001
Ishii et al[34]	2008	O.N.352	T1b-T2	35	4 (11)	N/A	N/A
Kim et al[33]	2009	AE1/AE3	T1	90	9 (10)	N/A	N/A
Cao et al[32]	2011	AE1/AE3	T1	160	34 (21.3)	55.9% vs 92.9%	< 0.001
Wang et al[31]	2011	AE1/AE3	T1-T3	191	54 (28.3)	27.8% vs 87.1%	< 0.001

T1: Invasion of lamina propria or submucosa; T3: Invasion of subserosa; T4: Penetration of serosa without invading adjacent structures (T4a) or invasion of adjacent structures; N/A: Not applicable.

Table 2 Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction studies in gastric cancer patients with histological node negativity diagnosed by hematoxylin-eosin staining n (%)

Ref.	Year	Markers	Depth of tumor invasion	No. of patients	No. of total LNs	No. of micrometastatic patients	Outcomes
Okada et al[16]	2001	CEA, CK20, MAGE3	T1-T4a	24	335	10 (41.7)	N/A
Matsumoto et al[17]	2002	CEA	T1-T4	50	312	14 (28)	N/A
Arigami et al[18]	2005	CEA	T1-T3	80	1862	25 (31.3)	N/A
Sonoda et al[24]	2006	MUC2, TFF1	T1	33	310	11 (33)	N/A

T1: Invasion of lamina propria or submucosa; T3: Invasion of subserosa; T4: Penetration of serosa without invading adjacent structures (T4a) or invasion of adjacent structures; N/A: Not applicable, LN: Lymph node; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CK: Cytokeratin.