Case Control Study
Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 28, 2014; 20(28): 9541-9548
Published online Jul 28, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i28.9541
Table 1 Risk factors for ampullary adenoma: univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses using Fisher’s exact test n (%)
Risk factorControlsCasesUnivariate analysis
Multivariate analysis
P valueOR (95%CI)P valueOR (95%CI)
Age
< 50 yr45 (15.7)8 (14.0)1 (reference)
≥ 50 yr240 (84.3)49 (86.0)0.8431.148 (0.510-2.588)
Sex
Female145 (50.9)29 (50.9)1 (reference)
Male140 (49.1)28 (49.1)1.0001.000 (0.566-1.766)
Smoking
No225 (78.9)44 (77.2)1 (reference)
Yes60 (21.1)13 (22.8)0.7271.108 (0.561-2.189)
Alcohol abuse
No209 (73.3)48 (84.2)1 (reference)
Yes76 (26.7)9 (15.8)0.0940.516 (0.241-1.101)
HBV
HBsAg-/anti-HBc-147 (51.6)32 (56.1)1 (reference)
HBsAg+/anti-HBc+7 (2.5)___
HBsAg-/anti-HBc+131 (45.9)25 (43.9)0.6650.877 (0.494-1.556)
Diabetes mellitus0.0412.590 (1.055-6.676)
No262 (91.9)46 (80.7)1 (reference)
Yes23 (8.1)11 (19.3)0.0152.274 (1.244-5.965)
Hypertension
No219 (76.8)35 (61.4)1 (reference)
Yes66 (23.2)22 (38.6)0.0202.086 (1.145-3.801)
Cholecystolithiasis0.00011.068 (3.395-36.084)
No273 (95.8)41 (71.9)1 (reference)
Yes12 (4.2)16 (28.1)0.0008.878 (3.921-20.103)
Cholecystectomy
No278 (97.5)46 (80.7)1(reference)
Yes7 (2.5)11 (19.3)0.0009.497 (3.502-25.755)
Chronic pancreatitis
No283 (99.3)53 (93.0)1(reference)
Yes2 (0.7)4 (7.0)0.00810.679 (1.907-59.79)
TC (mmol/L)
< 5.70240 (84.2)39 (68.4)1 (reference)
≥ 5.7045 (15.8)18 (31.6)0.0082.462 (1.294-4.682)
Tri (mmol/L)
< 1.7200 (70.2)40 (70.2)1 (reference)
≥ 1.785 (29.8)17 (29.8)1.0001.000 (0.537-1.862)
HDL (mmol/L)
< 0.9329 (10.2)20 (35.1)1 (reference)
≥ 0.93256 (89.8)37 (64.9)0.0000.210 (0.108-0.408)
LDL (mmol/L)0.0043.039 (1.412-6.541)
< 3.63237 (83.2)35 (61.4)1 (reference)
≥ 3.6348 (16.8)22 (38.6)0.0013.104 (1.675-5.752)
FBG (mmol/L)
< 6.1242 (84.9)42 (73.7)1 (reference)
≥ 6.1043 (15.1)15 (26.3)0.0522.010 (1.026-3.939)
ApoA (g/L)
< 12 (0.7)20 (35.1)1 (reference)0.000105.282 (22.229-498.635)
≥ 1283 (99.3)37 (64.9)0.0000.013 (0.003-0.058)
ApoB (g/L)
< 1208 (72.9)32 (56.1)1 (reference)
≥ 177 (27.1)25 (43.9)0.0172.110 (1.176-3.788)
BMI (kg/m2)
< 25.0164 (57.5)40 (70.2)1 (reference)
≥ 25.0121 (42.5)17 (29.8)0.0780.576 (0.312-1.065)
Table 2 Risk factors for ampullary cancer: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis using the fisher exact test n (%)
ControlsCasesUnivariate
Multivariate
P valueOR (95%CI)P valueOR (95%CI)
Age
< 50 yr100 (16.1)20 (16.1)1 (reference)
≥ 50 yr520 (83.9)104 (83.9)11.000 (0.592–1.689)
Gender
Female259 (41.8)52 (41.9)1 (reference)
Male361 (58.2)72 (58.1)11.000 (0.681–1.488)
Smoking
No448 (72.3)86 (69.4)1 (reference)
Yes172 (27.7)38 (30.6)0.5131.151 (0.756-1.752)
Alcohol drinking
No453 (73.1)88 (70.9)1 (reference)
Yes167 (26.9)36 (29.1)0.6591.110 (0.724-1.700)
HBV
HBsAg–/anti-HBc–295 (47.6)84 (67.7)1 (reference)
HBsAg+/anti-HBc+15 (2.4)2 (1.6)0.5460.468 (0.105–2.088)
HBsAg–/anti-HBc+310 (50.0)38 (30.6)00.430 (0.284–0.652)
Diabetes mellitus0.0214.75 (2.739-9.853)
No550 (88.7)99 (79.8)1 (reference)
Yes70 (11.3)25 (20.2)0.0111.984 (1.198–3.285)
Hypertension
No452 (72.9)93 (75.0)1 (reference)
Yes168 (27.1)31 (25.0)0.6590.897 (0.576–1.397)
Cholecystolithiasis014.06 (6.82-28.986)
No592 (95.5)160 (76.2)1 (reference)
Yes28 (4.5)50 (23.8)012.469 (7.37–21.095)
Cholecystectomy
No597 (96.3)113 (91.1)1 (reference)
Yes23 (3.7)11 (8.9)0.0182.527 (1.198–5.328)
Chronic pancreatitis0.0388.863 (1.132-69.388)
No618 (99.7)117 (94.4)1 (reference)
Yes2 (0.3)7 (5.6)018.487 (3.793–90.10)
TC (mmol/L)05.303 (2.188-12.853)
< 5.70536 (86.5)73 (58.9)1 (reference)
≥ 5.7084 (13.5)51 (41.1)04.458 (2.914-6.821)
Tri (mmol/L)
< 1.7415 (66.9)63 (50.8)1 (reference)
≥ 1.7205 (30.1)61 (49.2)0.0011.960 (1.327-2.894)
HDL (mmol/L)04.053 (2.122-7.741)
< 0.93522 (84.2)52 (41.9)1 (reference)
≥ 0.9398 (15.8)72 (58.1)07.375 (4.861-11.19)
LDL (mmol/L)
< 3.63520 (83.9)75 (60.5)1 (reference)
≥ 3.63100 (16.1)49 (39.5)03.397 (2.235-5.165)
FBG (mmol/L)
< 6.1512 (82.6)82 (66.1)1 (reference)
≥ 6.10108 (17.4)42 (33.9)02.428 (1.586-3.717)
Apo a (g/L)048.58 (19.126-123.393)
< 1612 (98.7)59 (47.6)1 (reference)
≥ 18 (1.3)65 (52.4)084.280 (38.578-184.121)
Apo b (g/L)
< 1463 (74.7)66 (53.2)1 (reference)
≥ 1157 (25.3)58 (46.8)02.592 (1.743-3.853)
BMI (kg/m2)
< 25.0364 (58.7)67 (54.1)1 (reference)
≥ 25.0256 (41.3)57 (45.9)0.371.210 (0.821-1.782)