Correlations between skin lesions induced by anti-tumor necrosis factor-α and selected cytokines in Crohn's disease patients

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics and laboratory findings n (%)

Characteristics		Crohn disease				Control group
		All patients	Skin lesions		P value1
			+	-
Subjects		30 (100)	18 (60)	12 (40)		12 (100)
Sex	Women	11 (36.7)	5 (27.8)	6 (50)	0.215	6 (50)
	Men	19 (63.3)	13 (72.2)	6 (50)		6 (50)
Age, yr		32.0 ± 8.6	34.0 ± 8.1	29.0 ± 8.7	0.119	25 ± 5.1
Smokers		11 (36.7)	8 (44.4)	3 (25)	0.245	4 (33.3)
BMI, kg/m2		23.0 ± 3.5	23.5 ± 3.5	22.2 ± 3.4	0.314	22.7 ± 2.3
Duration of disease, yr		8.2 ± 5.9	7.4 ± 4.9	9.2 ± 7.3	0.452	NA
Location of lesions	Small intestine	2 (6.7)	1 (5.6)	1 (8.3)	0.719	NA
	Large intestine	10 (33.3)	7 (38.9)	3 (25)		NA
	Small and large intestine	18 (60)	10 (55.5)	8 (66.7)		NA
	Perianal lesions	6 (20)	3 (16.7)	3 (25)	0.456	NA
CDAI, points		177 ± 58	177 ± 74	177 ± 56	0.987	NA
Disease activity	Low CDAI (150-220)	11 (36.7)	7 (38.9)	4 (33.3)	0.570	NA
	Moderate CDAI (220-450)	7 (23.3)	3 (16.7)	4 (33.3)		NA
Hemoglobin, g/dL		12.4 ± 2.1	13.3 ± 1.5	10.8 ± 1.9	0.002	13.5 ± 1.2
Hematocrit		37.9% ± 5.5%	39.9%± 4.5%	34.3% ± 5.4%	0.010	42.8% ± 2.4%
Red blood cell count, × 106/mm3		4.35 ± 0.61	4.46 ± 0.61	4.16 ± 0.59	0.252	4.91 ± 0.49
White blood cell count, × 103/μL		7.49 ± 2.46	7.09 ± 2.47	8.19 ± 2.39	0.293	6.7 ± 1.5
Platelet count, × 103/μL		315 ± 160	268 ± 62	400 ± 239	0.046	279 ± 75
CRP, mg/L		19.2 ± 31.0	14.9 ± 28.6	25.9 ± 35.0	0.417	4.3 ± 0.8

¹Statistical significance between Crohn’s disease (CD) patient group with and without skin lesions during anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) therapy. Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (percentage). Baseline clinical characteristics and laboratory findings in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients with and without skin lesions during anti-TNF-α therapy and healthy controls. BMI: Body mass index; CDAI: Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; CRP: C-reactive protein; NA: Not applicable.

Table 2 Localization of nonspecific skin lesions during anti-tumor necrosis factor-α therapy in Crohn’s disease patients n (%)

Skin lesions localization	Value
Scalp region	4 (22)
Facial region	8 (44)
Presternal region	3 (17)
Intracapsular region	4 (22)
Upper limb	1 (6)
Lower limb	3 (17)
Generalized	2 (11)