Diabetes mellitus increases risk for colorectal adenomas in younger patients

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

	40-49 yr without DM (n = 125)	40-49 yr with DM (n = 125)	50-59 yr without DM (n = 125)	P-value
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	45.7 ± 3.1	46.1 ± 2.7	53.7 ± 2.7	< 0.001
Gender (% Female)	63.2	63.2	63.2	1.0
Ethnicity (% African-American)	35.2	46.0	39.2	0.13
Body mass index (kg/m2, mean ± SD)	29.6 ± 7.4	36.0 ± 9.6	28.6 ± 7.0	< 0.001
Hypertension (%)	40.8	76.6	46.8	< 0.001
Hyperlipidemia (%)	16.9	50.0	25.0	< 0.001
Indication (%)
Screening	15.3	14.8	83.2	< 0.001
Gastrointestinal bleeding	41.9	45.9	7.2	< 0.001
Change in bowel habits	29.8	30.3	5.6	< 0.001
Abdominal pain	6.5	3.3	1.6	0.13
Other	2.4	3.3	1.6	0.69

DM: Diabetes mellitus.

Table 2 Polyp and adenoma detection rates

	40-49 yr without DM (n = 125)	40-49 yr with DM (n = 125)	50-59 yr without DM (n = 125)
Polyp detection rate (%)	31.2	49.6	50.4
Adenoma detection rate (%)	14.4	30.4	32.0
Univariate OR (95%CI)	1.0 (reference)	2.6 (1.4-4.9)	2.8 (1.5-5.2)
Multivariate OR (95%CI)1	1.0 (reference)	3.1 (1.5-6.4)	2.9 (1.5-5.6)

¹Analyses were adjusted for ethnicity, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol use; DM: Diabetes mellitus.

Table 3 Prevalence of high risk state

	40-49 yr without DM (n = 125)	40-49 yr with DM (n = 125)	50-59 yr without DM (n = 125)
Prevalence of high risk state1 (%)	7.2	9.6	12.8
Univariate OR (95%CI)	1.0 (reference)	1.4 (0.6-3.4)	1.9 (0.8-4.5)
		P = 0.5	P = 0.1

¹High risk state was defined as adenoma number ≥ 3, size ≥ 1 cm, high grade dysplasia, or villous features; DM: Diabetes mellitus.

Table 4 Polyp characteristics among patients with adenomas (n = 96)

	40-49 yr without DM (n = 18)	40-49 yr with DM (n = 38)	50-59 yr without DM (n = 40)	P-value
Number of adenomas (mean)	1.5	1.7	1.5	0.69
Location (% proximal)	38.9	55.3	52.5	0.50
Advanced adenoma (%)	50.0	31.6	40.0	0.40
Size ≥ 1 cm (%)	33.3	18.4	32.5	0.30
Villous features (%)	27.8	13.2	15.0	0.36
High grade dysplasia (%)	0	2.6	2.5	0.79

DM: Diabetes mellitus.