Clinical meaning of BRAF mutation in Korean patients with advanced colorectal cancer

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of enrolled patients n (%)

	BRAF wild-type(n = 123)	BRAF Mutant (n = 13)	P value
Sex Male/Female	74 (60.2)/49 (39.8)	6 (46.2)/7 (53.8)	0.329
Age (mean ± SD, age)	58.54 ± 12.91	61.08 ± 7.87	0.488
Age (< 60 yr)	60 (48.8)	5 (38.5)	0.479
BMI (mean ± SD, kg/m2)	22.77 ± 3.64	22.70 ± 3.31	0.950
Family history of colorectal cancer	25 (20.3)	1 (7.7)	0.462
ECOG performance status			0.421
0-1	116 (94.3)	13 (100.0)
2-3	7 (5.7)	0 (0.0)
Tumor type			0.871
Colon	97 (78.9)	10 (76.9)
Rectum	26 (21.1)	3 (23.1)
Tumor location			0.211
Proximal	35 (28.5)	6 (46.2)
Distal	88 (71.5)	7 (53.8)
Histology			0.111
WD and MD	113 (91.9)	10 (76.9)
PD and UD	10 (8.1)	3 (23.1)
AJCC tumor stage			0.370
Stage III	48 (39.0)	3 (23.1)
IIIA	5 (4.1)	1 (7.7)
IIIB	30 (24.4)	1 (7.7)
IIIC	13 (10.6)	1 (7.7)
Stage IV	75 (61.0)	10 (76.9)
IVA	27 (22.0)	3 (23.1)
IVB	48 (39.0)	7 (53.8)
MSI			0.604
MSS and MS-low	110 (89.4)	12 (92.3)
MSI-high	5 (4.1)	0
Unchecked	8 (6.5)	1 (7.7)
K-ras			0.033
Wild	76 (61.8)	12 (92.3)
Mutant	47 (38.2)	1 (7.7)
Initial CEA (mean ± SD, ng/mL)	251.41 ± 1520.96	14.29 ± 23.90	0.576

SD: Standard deviation; BMI: Body mass index; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; WD: Well differentiated; MD: Moderately differentiated; PD: Poorly differentiated; UD: Undifferentiated; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; MSI: Microsatellite instability; MSS: Microsatellite stable; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.

Table 2 Treatment modality of the patients n (%)

	BRAF wild-type (n = 123)	BRAF Mutant (n = 13)	P value
Surgery			0.737
Yes	93 (75.6)	9 (69.2)
No	30 (24.4)	4 (30.8)
Chemotherapy
Yes	119 (96.7)	11 (84.6)
No	4 (3.3)	2 (15.4)
Chemotherapy regimen			0.441
FOLFOX	97 (82.2)	9 (81.8)
FOLFIRI	5 (4.2)	0
FL	7 (5.9)	2 (15.4)
Xeloda	8 (6.8)	0
SOX	1 (0.8)	0
Target agent use			0.128
No	91 (74.0)	8 (61.5)
Bevacizumab	19 (15.4)	5 (38.5)
Cetuximab	13 (10.6)	0

Table 3 Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer patients in multivariate analysis

	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age (older than 60 yr vs younger)	1.164 (0.682-1.984)	0.578
Sex (male vs female)	0.927 (0.541-1.586)	0.781
Tumor type (rectum vs colon)	0.931 (0.511-1.697)	0.816
Initial stage (stage IV vs III)	3.183 (1.517-6.679)	0.002
Histology (PD and UD vs WD and MD)	2.821 (1.378-5.776)	0.005
Surgical treatment (no vs yes)	3.694 (1.972-6.918)	< 0.001
BRAF mutation (mutant vs wild-type)	2.195 (1.039-4.640)	0.039
KRAS mutation (mutant vs wild-type)	1.305 (0.766-2.221)	0.327

CI: Confidence interval; PD: Poorly differentiated; UD: Undifferentiated; WD: Well differentiated; MD: Moderately differentiated; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen.