YouTube as a source of patient information on gallstone disease

Table 1 Usefulness score criteria

Score criteria
Cause
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Recovery

Not mentioned: 0; Mentioned briefly: 1; Mentioned in detail: 2. Total score: not useful (0), slightly useful (1-3), useful (4-7), very useful (8-10).

Table 2 Video demographics according to usefulness category

Video demographics	Usefulness of information					Total	P value
	Very useful	Useful	Slightly useful	Not useful	Misleading
Videos, n (%)	3 (2.3)	15 (11.5)	36 (27.5)	3 (2.3)	74 (56.5)	131	-
Total length (h:min:s)	0:11:07	1:00:18	1:52:26	0:09:10	6:06:14	9:20:15	-
Mean length (h:min:s)	00:03:42 ± 00:01:17	00:04:05 ± 00:03:33	00:03:07 ± 00:03:20	00:03:03 ± 00:01:50	00:04:57 ± 00:05:10	00:04:17 ± 00:04:29	0.364
Mean ''likes'' (n)	1.3 ± 1.5	42.8 ± 145.8	10.6 ± 22.4	10.7 ± 18.5	17.2 ± 38.0	17.8 ± 57.7	0.0071
Mean ''dislikes'' (n)	0.3 ± 0.6	3.3 ± 11.6	0.9 ± 1.7	1.3 ± 2.3	2.9 ± 6.8	2.3 ± 6.5	0.158
Total views (n)	2269	1030071	205081	18476	659392	1915289	-
Mean views (n)	756.3 ± 701.0	68671.4 ± 248999.6	5696.7 ± 11330.7	6158.7 ± 10231.0	8910.7 ± 17094.7	14620.5 ± 85212.0	0.0011
Days since upload	518.7 ± 430.9	737.3 ± 480.4	706.2 ± 487.7	426.7 ± 331.9	518.3 ± 368.3	592.9 ± 423.7	0.126
Upload source, n (%)
Physician	3 (100)	3 (20.0)	12 (33.3)	1 (33.3)	2 (2.7)	21 (16.0)	-
Website	0	12 (80.0)	18 (50.0)	1 (33.3)	0	31 (23.7)	-
Commercial	0	0	0	0	64 (86.5)	64 (48.9)	-
Civilian	0	0	6 (16.7)	1 (33.3)	8 (10.8)	15 (11.5)	-

¹Comparison of very useful and misleading.

Table 3 Video demographics according to upload source

Video demographics	Upload source				Total	P value
	Physician or hospital	Medical website or TV channel	Commercial website	Civilian
Videos, n (%)	21 (16.0)	31 (23.7)	64 (48.9)	15 (11.5)	131	-
Total length (h:min:s)	0:59:29	1:24:08	4:57:10	1:59:28	9:20:15	-
Mean length (h:min:s)	00:02:50 ± 00:01:31	00:02:43 ± 00:02:43	00:04:39 ± 00:05:06	00:07:58 ± 00:05:09	00:04:17 ± 00:04:29	0.0091, 0.0102
Mean ‘likes’ (n)	10.9 ± 25.4	25.4 ± 101.9	17.6 ±40.3	12.7 ±15.1	17.8 ± 57.7	0.254
Mean ‘dislikes’ (n)	0.5 ± 1.8	2.1 ± 8.1	3.0 ± 7.2	2.3 ± 2.7	2.3 ± 6.5	0.083
Total views (n)	74549	1162278	581839	96623	1915289	-
Mean views (n)	3550.0 ± 7036.5	37492.8 ± 173179.9	9091.2 ± 18010.5	6441.5 ± 8558.2	14620.5 ± 85212.0	0.168
Usefulness information n (%)
Very useful	3 (14.3)	0	0	0	3 (2.3)	-
Useful	3 (14.3)	12 (38.7)	0	0	15 (11.5)	-
Slightly useful	12 (57.1)	18 (58.1)	0	6 (40.0)	36 (27.5)	-
Not useful	1 (4.8)	1 (3.2)	0	1 (6.7)	3 (2.3)	-
Misleading	2 (9.5)	0	64 (100)	8 (53.3)	74 (56.5)	-

¹Civilian vs website;

²Civilian vs physician.

Table 4 Methods advocated by misleading videos

Misleading videos	n (%)
Gallstone flush	39 (52.7)
Medication	24 (32.4)
Herbal treatment	6 (8.1)
Other	5 (6.8)
Total	74 (100)