Effect of aging on Kupffer cell membrane phospholipid function: Modulation by vitamin E

Table 1 Prostaglandin E₂ production capacities of Kupffer cells from various age groups after lipopolysaccharide stimulation

Group	0 ng/mL	10 ng/mL	100 ng/mL	10 μg/mL
6 mo
NVEG	921.78 ± 102.46	836.47 ± 90.18	3224.42 ± 396.53d	2926.02 ± 323.47d
VEG	985.23 ± 89.34	1011.47 ± 104.15	3553.64 ± 304.81	3018.74 ± 297.57
24 mo
NVEG	315.94 ± 26.54b	1013.19 ± 97.47d	634.73 ± 56.07bd	194.91 ± 21.78bd
VEG	713.48 ± 65.50bf	1278.78 ± 113.21bdf	1455.67 ± 121.34bdf	1337.46 ± 122.59bdf

^bP < 0.01 compared with 6 mo;

^dP < 0.01 compared with 0 ng/mL;

^fP < 0.01 compared with NVEG. NVEG: non-VE pretreated group; VEG: VE pretreated group.

Table 2 Intracellular calcium concentrations in various age groups before and after platelet activating factor stimulation (mean ± SD, pg/mL, n = 5)

Group (mo)	PAF	[Ca++]i		Δ[Ca++]		%
		NVEG	VEG	NVEG	VEG	NVEG	VEG
6	-	105.7 ± 16.1	111.5 ± 12.1
	+	266.1 ± 31.3d	285.3 ± 27.5	160.4 ± 22.4	173.8 ± 19.7	151.8	155.8
12	-	111.4 ± 19.3	109.8 ± 9.7
	+	262.8 ± 27.6d	276.3 ± 30.3	151.4 ± 21.9	166.5 ± 16.0	135.9	151.6
18	-	151.4 ± 21.4	118.4 ± 10.8f
	+	254.5 ± 36.7db	255.9 ± 27.0	103.1 ± 27.9a	137.5 ± 14.8a	68.1b	116.1bf
24	-	164.3 ± 20.8	130.7 ± 12.1f
	+	249.3 ± 28.4db	255.7 ± 24.1	85.0 ± 24.3b	125.0 ± 14.0bf	51.7b	95.6bf

^aP < 0.05 compared with 6 mo;

^bP < 0.01 compared with 6 mo;

^dP < 0.01 compared with PAF (-);

^fP < 0.01 compared with NVEG. NVEG: non-VE pretreated group; VEG: VE pretreated group; PAF: Platelet activating factor

Table 3 Total inositol phospholipid in various age groups (mean ± SD, cpm × 1000, n = 5)

	6 mo	12 mo	18 mo	24 mo
NVEG
Control	48.5 ± 4.3	46.3 ± 4.5	39.5 ± 4.3a	30.8 ± 4.4b
LPS	52.4 ± 3.8	49.7 ± 5.6	42.8 ± 4.6a	34.8 ± 3.9b
PAF	78.7 ± 6.1f	78.1 ± 8.4f	62.9 ± 6.5bf	49.5 ± 5.4bf
VEG
Control	53.1 ± 4.0	56.2 ± 6.3	49.9 ± 5.0c	39.3 ± 2.9bc
LPS	51.8 ± 3.4	53.2 ± 4.9	48.8 ± 4.6	38.1 ± 4.0b
PAF	80.5 ± 7.3f	77.2 ± 8.1f	72.4 ± 6.8f	63.8 ± 6.4bdf

^aP < 0.05 compared with 6 mo;

^bP < 0.01 compared with 6 mo;

^cP < 0.05 compared with NVEG;

^dP < 0.01 compared with NVEG;

^fP < 0.001 compared with control. NVEG: non-VE pretreated group; VEG: VE pretreated group; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; Platelet activating factor.