Review
Copyright ©2013 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 14, 2013; 19(46): 8571-8579
Published online Dec 14, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i46.8571
Table 1 Summary of specific and non-specific oral lesions in Crohn’s disease
LesionRelation with CDFrequencyTreatment options
activity
Specific oral lesionsIndurated tag-like lesionsNo specific direct association reportedCommon in OCD patientsSee general points on the treatment of OCD in the text
CobblestoningNo specific direct association reportedCommon in OCD patientsTopical steroids for less severe cases and systemic steroids for others
MucogingivitisNo specific direct association reportedCommon in OCD patientsSee general points on the treatment of OCD in the text
Others:
Lip swelling with vertical fissuresNo specific direct association reportedTopical tacrolimus, intra-lesional injection of steroids, immunosuppressive agents
Deep linear ulcerationsTopical analgesics, 5-ASA, or steroids, intra-lesional steroids, topical tacrolimus, other medications used in PV treatment
Non-specific oral lesionsAphthous stomatitisNo specific direct association reported10% of patients with UC and 20%-30% of those with CDTopical agents (lidocaine 2%, triamcinolone 0.1%, dexamethasone elixir), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory pastes, systemic steroids, intra-lesional steroids
Pyostomatitis vegetansAssociated with active CDRareAntiseptic mouthwashes/topical steroids (though less effective), systemic steroids, azathioprine and sulfamethoxypyridazine, dapsone, cyclosporine A, injections of infliximab pursued by maintenance therapy with MTX, adalimumab, surgical colectomy in UC
Others:
Angular cheilitisNo specific direct association reportedUnknown5-ASA mouthwashes, topical steroids (1% hydrocortisone), vitamin supplements, intra-lesional steroids
Persistent submandibular lymphadenopathySee general points on the treatment of OCD in the text
Recurrent buccal abscessesAntibiotics, infliximab, methotrexate, thalidomide
Perioral erythema with scaling
Glossitis