Epigenetics of hepatocellular carcinoma: Role of microRNA

Table 1 Down-regulated microRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and their characteristics

miRs	Targets	Characteristics
Down-regulated
miR-1	ET1	Proliferation[52]
miRs-7a, -7b, -7c, -7d, -7f-1, -7d	Caspase-3, HMGA2, C-myc, Bcl-xl	Proliferation, apoptosis[2,23,53-58]
miR-101	Mcl-1, SOX-9, EZH2, EED, DNMT3A	Proliferation, apoptosis[59-61]
miRs-122	Bcl-w, ADAM-1, Wnt-1	Angiogenesis, apoptosis, Metastasis[45,62-64]
miR-125a, -125b	MMP11, SIRT7, VEGF-A, LIN28B2, Bcl-2, Mcl-1, Bcl-w	Angiogenesis, apoptosis, metastasis, proliferation[65-70]
miR-139	c-Fos, Rho-kinase-2	Metastasis[30,71]
miR-145	IRS1-2, OCT4	Insulin-like growth factor pathway, Stem-like cells tumorigenicity[31,72]
miR-195	CDK6, E2F3, cyclinD1	Proliferation, apoptosis, tumorigenicity[73,74]
miR-199a-3p, -199-5p	c-Met, mTOR, PAK4, DDR1, caveolin-2	Proliferation, autophagy, metastasis[9,75-78]
miRs-214	HDGF, catenin	Proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis[79-81]
Up-regulated
miR-10a	EphA4, CADM1	EMT, metastasis[33,82]
miR-21	Pten, RhoB, PDCD4	Drug Resistance, metastasis[49,83-85]
miR-221	Bmf, DDIT4, Arnt, CDKN1B/p27, CDKN1C/p57	Angiogenesis, apoptosis, proliferation[86-89]
miRs-224	Yin Yang1/Raf-1 kinase, NFκB pathways, apoptosis inhibitor-5	Proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis[90-93]

miRs: MicroRNAs; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition.