Developments in metastatic pancreatic cancer: Is gemcitabine still the standard?

Table 1 Gem combined chemotherapy regimens

Phase III trial	Combination	No. of patient	OS (mo)	P value	PFS (mo)	P value	RR (%)	P value
Berlin et al[36]	GemFU vs Gem	322	6.7 vs 5.4	0.09	3.4 vs 2.2	0.022	6.9 vs 5.6	NR
Riess et al[37]	GemFU vs Gem	473	6.2 vs 5.85	0.68	NR	0.44	NR	NR
Cunningham et al[43]	GemCap vs Gem	533	7.1 vs 6 .2	0.08	5.3 vs 3.8	0.004	19.1 vs 12.4	0.034
Herrmann et al[41]	GemCap vs Gem	319	8.4 vs 7.2	0.234	4.3 vs 3.9	0.103	10 vs 7.8	NS
Colucci et al[48]	GemCIS vs Gem	107	7.5 vs 5	0.43	4.6 vs 1.8	0.048	26.4 vs 9.2	0.02
Heinemann et al[50]	GemCIS vs Gem	195	7.5 vs 6	0.15	5.3 vs 3.1	0.053	10.2 vs 8.2	NS
Colucci et al[49]	GemCIS vs Gem	400	8.3 vs 7.2	0.38	3.9 vs 3.8	0.8	10.1 vs 12.9	0.37
Louvet et al[52]	GemOX vs Gem	313	9.0 vs 7.1	0.13	5.8 vs 3.7	0.04	26.8 vs 17.3	0.04
Poplin et al[11]	GemOX vs Gem	832	5.7 vs 4.9	0.09	2.7 vs 2.6	0.1	6 vs 9	0.11
Stathopoulos et al[59]	GemIRI vs Gem	145	6.4 vs 6.5	0.97	2.8 vs 2.9	0.795	15 vs 10	0.387
O’Reilly et al[61]	Gem-EXE vs Gem	349	6.7 vs 6.2	0.52	3.7 vs 3.8	0.22	6.3 vs 4.6	NR
Oettle et al[55]	Gem-PEM vs Gem	565	6.2 vs 6.3	0.85	3.9 vs 3.3	0.11	14.8 vs 7.1	0.004
Ioka et al[35]	GS vs Gem	454	10.1 vs 8.8	0.15	5.7 vs 4.1	0.0001	29.3 vs 13.3	NR

OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free survival; RR: Response rate; Gem: Gemcitabine; NR: Not reported; NS: Not significant.

Table 2 Gem in combination with targeted therapy

Phase III trial	Combination	No. of patient	OS (mo)	P value	PFS	P value	ORR (%)	P value
Moore et al[76]	Gem ± Erlotinib	569	6.24 vs 5.91	0.038	3.75 vs 3.55	0.004	8.6 vs 8.0	NS
Philip et al[79]	Gem ± Cetuximab	745	6.3 vs 5.9	0.23	3.4 vs 3.0	0.18	12 vs 14	0.59
Kindler et al[83]	Gem ± BEV	602	5.8 vs 5.9	0.95	3.8 vs 2.9	0.07	13 vs 10	NS
Van Cutsem et al[84]	Gem + Erlotinib ± BEV	607	7.1 vs 6.0	0.2087	4.6 vs 3.6	0.0002	13.5 vs 8.6	0.057
Goncalves et al[87]	Gem ± Sorafenib	104	8.5 vs 9.2	0.146	3.8 vs 5.6	0.601	NR	NR

OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free survival; ORR: Objective response rate rate; Gem: Gemcitabine; BEV: Bevacizumab; NR: Not reported; NS: Not significant.