Review
Copyright ©2010 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2010; 16(32): 4019-4030
Published online Aug 28, 2010. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v16.i32.4019
Table 1 General characteristics of most commonly used vectors
SystemSize of insert (kb)Infect non-dividing cellGenomic integrationDuration of expressionImmune response
Adenovirus
1st generation5YesNo3-4 wkHigh
2nd generation8YesNoLonger with Immuno-supressionHigh
Gutless35YesNoLess
Adeno-associated virus< 4.8YesYes and episomalLong-termLow
Herpes simplex virus 135YesNoLongHigh
Retrovirus ≤ 8NoYes, randomLong-termLow
Lentivirus ≤ 8YesYes, into active genesLong-termLow
Baculovirus> 20YesNoTransientLow
Plasmid-nakedLargeYesNoShortLow
Plasmid-polymerLargeYesNoShortLow
Plasmid-lipid (liposomes)LargeYesNoShortLow
Table 2 Main features of reported gene therapy experiments[39,44-50,80-96]
Vector, Ref.DoseTransgene (promoter)Liver model, animals, routeMeasured parameters
Adenovirus vector
Hogaboam et al[80], 19991 × 108 pfur-MIP-2Acetaminophine injury, mice, IV↑DNA synthesis, ↑survival
Phaneuf et al[46], 20001-4 × 1011 vph-HGF (CMV)Healthy, mice, IV↑DNA synthesis, ↓apoptosis and ALT
Shiota et al[39], 20001 × 109 pfur-HGF (CAG)AAF/70% PH, rats, IV↑Oval cell proliferation
Nomi et al[95], 20001 × 109 pfur-HGF (CAG)D-Gal/LPS liver failure, rats, IP↓Apoptosis, ↑survival
Hecht et al[48], 20011 × 108 TUh-HIL-6 (CMV)D-Gal liver failure, mice, IP↑Survival, ↑proliferation
Hwang et al[81], 20031 × 1011 vph-HGF (CMV)TAA liver failure, mice, IV↑Survival, ↑DNA synthesis, no hepatic necrosis
Iwaki et al[49], 20032 × 109 pfum-MIF antisenseBCG-LPS liver failure, mice, IV↑Survival
Oe et al[45], 20047 × 108 pfuh-VEGF + or r-HGF (CAG)DMN cirrhosis 70% PH, rats, IV↑SECs and hepatocytes proliferation
Oe et al[82], 20057 × 108 pfur-HGF, or h-VEGF (CAG)AAF/70% PH, rats, IV↑Oval cell proliferation, ↑regeneration
Wullaert et al[84], 20052.5 × 109 pfum-ABIN-1 (CMV)TNF + Gal-liver injury, mice, IV↑Survival, ↓apoptosis,
Ichiba et al[94], 20051 × 109 pfur-TPO (CAG)AAF/70% PH, rats, IV↑Oval cell proliferation
Khai et al[44], 20061 × 1011 vph-HB-EGF or h-HGF (RSV)Fas-induced injury, mice, IV↓Apoptosis and ↑proliferation by both
Ozawa et al[47], 20065 × 108 pfu eachr-HGF, +/or h-TGFβ2R (CAG)DMN cirrhosis 10% PH, rats, PV↑Proliferation, ↑survival, ↓cirrhosis
Tan et al[96], 20061 × 1011 vpm-HNF6 (CMV)70% PH, mice, IV↑Proliferation
Yuasa et al[85], 20071 × 109 pfur-HGF, (CBA)85% PH, rats, IV↓Apoptosis, ↑proliferation, ↑survival
Ueno et al[83], 20075 × 108 pfur-HGF (CAG)DMN cirrhosis 70% PH, rats, sPV↑Proliferation, ↑survival, ↓cirrhosis
Atta et al[93], 20097 × 109 pfuh-HGF, h-VEGF (CMV)Healthy, dogs, IV↑SEC and hepatocytes proliferation
Naked plasmid DNA
Yang et al[90], 200110-40 μg/wk × 8h-HGF (CMV)Healthy, mice, IV↑Proliferation
Xue et al[89], 200350 μg × 3r-HGFCCl4 cirrhosis 70% PH, mice, IM + EP↑Proliferation
Zhang et al[91], 2005200 μg/kg per 12 h × 4r-ALRCCl4 liver injury, rats, IV, IP↓ALT and AST, ↑proliferation, ↑survival
Horiguchi et al[86], 2009-h-HGFDMN cirrhosis, dogs, IA↓ALT and AST, ↓fibrosis, ↑survival
HVJ Liposomes
Ueki et al[88], 199920 or 40 mg weekly × 4h-HGF (SRa)DMN cirrhosis, rats, IM↓Apoptosis, ↑survival, ↑r-HGF, ↓fibrosis
Ogushi et al[92], 200350 nmolNF-κB decoy ODNP. acnes-LPS liver injury, mice, PV↑Survival, ↑proliferation, ↓apoptosis
Nishino et al[87], 200820 μgh-HGF (SRα)DMN cirrhosis 70% PH, rats, PV↑Proliferation, ↑survival, ↓apoptosis
Takahashi et al[50], 200950 nmolNF-κB decoy ODN90% PH, mice, PV↑Survival, ↓apoptosis