Impact of age-related comorbidity on results of colorectal cancer surgery

Table 1 Clinical and pathological data for group A (< 70 years) and B (≥ 70 years) n (%)

	Group A (n = 225)	Group B (n = 178)	P
Sex
Males	126 (56)	103 (57.9)	0.392
Females	99 (44)	75 (42.1)
Localization1
Colon	152 (67.6)	141 (79.2)	0.027
Rectum	71 (31.6)	35 (19.7)
Type of surgery
Elective	204 (90.7)	153 (86)	0.094
Emergency	21 (9.3)	25 (14)
Residual tumor
R0	174 (77.3)	137 (77)	0.512
R+	51 (22.7)	41 (23)
Comorbidity
Overall	104 (46.2)	123 (69.1)	0.0001
Cardiovascular diseases
Absent	156 (69.3)	87 (48.9)	0.0001
Present	69 (30.7)	91 (51.1)
Pulmonary diseases
Absent	217 (96.4)	164 (92.1)	0.048
Present	8 (3.6)	14 (7.9)
Diabetes mellitus
Absent	211 (93.8)	160 (89.9)	0.106
Present	14 (6.2)	18 (10.1)
Gastrointestinal diseases
Absent	198 (88)	158 (88.8)	0.470
Present	27 (12)	20 (11.2)
Other tumors
Absent	216 (96)	163 (91.6)	0.050
Present	9 (4)	15 (8.4)
Dukes’ stage
A	14 (6.2)	8 (4.5)	0.623
B	96 (42.6)	89 (50)
C	64 (28.4)	41 (23)
D	51 (22.7)	40 (22.5)
T stage
T1	18 (8)	10 (5.6)	0.485
T2	36 (16)	35 (19.7)
T3	148 (65.8)	110 (61.8)
T4	23 (10.2)	23 (12.9)
N stage
N0	122 (54.2)	110 (61.8)	0.270
N1	64 (28.4)	45 (25.3)
N2	39 (17.3)	23 (12.9)
Metastases
No	174 (77.3)	138 (77.5)	0.530
Yes	51 (22.7)	40 (22.5)

¹Synchronous localizations of colon and rectum are represented in two cases for each group (0.9% vs 1.1%).

Table 2 Surgical procedures and postoperative results n (%)

	Group A (n = 225)	Group B (n = 178)	P
Postoperative mortality	-	8 (4.5)	0.001
Postoperative complications	38 (16.9)	37 (20.8)	0.367
Surgical complications	27 (12)	21 (11.8)	1
Medical complications	11 (4.9)	16 (9)	0.112
Operation
Right hemicolectomy	53 (23.6)	61 (34.3)
Left hemicolectomy	73 (32.4)	50 (28.1)
Transverse colon resection	5 (2.2)	9 (5.1)
Abdominoperineal resection	9 (4)	8 (4.5)
Lower anterior resection	78 (34.7)	43 (24.2)
Hartmann resection	1 (0.4)	4 (2.2)
Stoma	2 (0.9)	2 (1.1)
Miscellaneous	4 (1.8)	1 (0.6)
Anastomotic leakage rate	10 (4.4)	4 (2.3)	0.282

Table 3 Correlation between clinicopathological features and preexisting comorbidity with postoperative complications in group A (< 70 years) and B (≥ 70 years) n (%)

	Postoperative morbidity
	Group A (n = 38)	P	Group B (n = 37)	P
Sex
Male	27 (71.1)	0.049	23 (62.2)	0.58
Female	11 (28.9)		14 (37.8)
Localization
Colon	23 (60.5)	0.344	26 (70.3)	0.171
Rectum	15 (39.5)		11 (29.7)
Type of surgery
Elective	32 (84.2)	0.136	30 (81.1)	0.424
Emergency	6 (15.8)		7 (18.9)
Residual tumor
R0	27 (71.1)	0.297	29 (78.4)	0.505
R+	11 (28.9)		8 (21.6)
Comorbidity
Overall
Yes	25 (65.8)	0.012	32 (86.5)	0.01
No	13 (34.2)		5 (13.5)
Cardiovascular diseases
Absent	22 (57.9)	0.122	10 (27)	0.003
Present	16 (42.1)		27 (73)
Pulmonary diseases
Absent	36 (94.7)	0.625	32 (86.5)	0.172
Present	2 (5.3)		5 (13.5)
Diabetes mellitus
Absent	34 (89.5)	0.264	34 (91.9)	0.769
Present	4 (10.5)		3 (8.1)
Gastrointestinal diseases
Absent	30 (78.9)	0.095	32 (86.5)	0.571
Present	8 (21.1)		5 (13.5)
Other tumors
Absent	36 (94.7)	0.65	32 (86.5)	0.314
Present	2 (5.3)		5 (13.5)
T stage
T1-T2	5 (13.2)	0.098	12 (32.4)	0.29
T3-T4	33 (86.8)		25 (67.6)
N stage
N0	15 (39.5)	0.051	23 (62.2)	0.559
N+	23 (60.5)		14 (37.8)
Dukes’ stage
A	1 (2.6)	0.385	3 (8.1)	0.669
B	13 (34.2)		17 (45.9)
C	13 (34.2)		9 (24.3)
D	11 (28.9)		8 (21.6)
Metastases
No	27 (71.1)	0.297	29 (78.4)	0.542
Yes	11 (28.9)		8 (21.6)