H pylori infection among 1000 southern Iranian dyspeptic patients

Table 1 Numbers and proportions of H pylori infected patients

	n	%	95% CI
Total	671/1000	67.1	64.2-70.0
Age (yr)a
≤ 20	57/105	54.3	44.7-63.9
21-50	380/559	68.0	64.1-71.9
≥ 51	234/336	69.6	64.7-74.5
Sex
Male	362/518	69.9	66.0-73.8
Female	309/482	64.1	59.8-68.4
UGIE findingb
PUD	214/263	81.4	76.7-86.1
NUD	453/732	61.9	58.4-65.4
Tumor	4/5	80.0	40.8-100

PUD: Peptic ulcer disease; NUD: Nonulcer dyspepsia.

^aP < 0.05 between groups regarding H pylori infection;

^bP < 0.001 between PUD and NUD groups regarding H pylori infection.

Table 2 Histological findings of satisfactory 969 antral biopsies

Histological finding	n	% (95% CI)
Normal mucosa	84	8.7 (6.9-10.4)
Chronic inactive gastritis	365	37.7 (34.6-40.7)
Chronic active gastritis	456	47.1 (43.9-50.2)
Atrophic changes	242	25.0 (23.6-27.7)
Intestinal metaplasia/malignancy	81	8.9 (7.1-10.7)
Glandular dysplasia	1	0.1 (-0.1-0.3)
Adenocarcinoma	4	0.4 (0.0-0.8)

Table 3 H pylori infection regarding endoscopic and histologic diagnoses n (%)

Diagnosis	H pylori infection
	Negative	Positive	Total
Endoscopic findings
Normal	107 (66.5)	54 (33.5)	161
Gastritis	170 (29.9)	398 (70.1)b	568
Duodenal Ulcer	24 (13.8)	150 (86.2)bd	174
Gastric Ulcer	25 (28.1)	64 (71.9)b	89
Histopathologic findings
Normal mucosa	80 (95.2)	4 (4.8)	84
Chronic inactive gastritis	130 (35.6)	235 (64.4)f	365
Chronic active gastritis	87 (19.1)	369 (80.9)h	456
Atrophic changes	76 (31.4)	166 (68.6)f	242
Metaplasia/dysplasia/adenocarcinoma	15 (17.4)	71 (82.6)f	86

^bP < 0.001 vs normal endoscopic findings;

^dP < 0.001 vs gastritis and gastric ulcer;

^fP < 0.001 vs normal histopathologic findings;

^hP < 0.001 vs histopathologic findings and chronic inactive gastritis (Fisher’s exact test).

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression of selected model variables on endoscopic findings¹

Variable	B	SE	Wald test	P	Odds ratio (95% CI)
Duodenal ulcer
Sex (male)	1.91	0.26	55.14	< 0.001	6.75 (4.08-11.17)
Age (in three ascending groups)	0.59	0.19	9.211	< 0.01	1.80 (1.23-2.63)
H pylori (+)	2.54	0.28	79.21	< 0.001	12.66 (7.24-22.14)
Constant	-3.75	0.50
Gastric Ulcer
Sex (male)	1.34	0.28	22.13	< 0.001	3.83 (2.19-6.69)
Age (in three ascending groups)	0.65	0.22	8.49	< 0.01	1.91 (1.24-2.95)
H pylori (+)	1.63	0.29	30.74	< 0.001	5.12 (2.87-9.11)
Constant	-3.45	0.56
Gastritis
Sex (male)	0.91	0.20	20.15	< 0.001	2.48 (1.67-3.68)
Age (in three ascending groups)	0.65	0.15	18.35	< 0.001	1.92 (1.42-2.58)
H pylori (+)	1.54	0.19	61.81	< 0.001	4.65 (3.17-6.82)
Constant	-1.30	0.361

¹Normal endoscopy was set as a reference category; agreement between predicted and observed results: 57.2%; the amount of variance accounted for 17.6% (Cox & Snell)- 19.4% (Nagelkerke).