Correlation between severity of endoscopic findings and apnea-hypopnea index in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease and obstructive sleep apnea

Table 1 Distribution of GERD types.

Population (n = 57)	Occurrence	Percentage (%)
GERD 0	11	19.3
GERD 1	13	22.8
GERD 2	20	35.1
GERD 3	7	12.3
GERD 4	6	10.5

Table 2 Comparison of clinical data between A and B group.

Variable	"A" group (AHI ≤30)	"B" group (AHI>30)	Total	P1
Number of cases	27	30	57	-
Age (yr)	51 (41-54)1, 2	53.5 (48-59.5)	52 (44.5-57.5)	0.07
Gender (women, %)	37	16	26	0.13
BMI	31.2 (27.1-34.3)	36.4 (32.3-41.9)	33.8 (28.6-38.0)	0.0002
AHI	10.1 (7-21)	56.7 (38.3-88.0)	35 (10.6-60)	<0.0001
GER-related symptoms +(%)	52	47	49.5	0.79
GERD endoscopic findings (%)	0:33	0:07	0:19	<0.0001
	1:33	1:13	1:23
	2:34	2:37	2:35
	3:00	3:23	3:12
	4:00	4:20	4:11

¹Non-parametric t-test (Mann-Whitney), χ² -test, endoscopic findings: χ²-test for trend

^{1, 2}median (interquartile range).

Table 3 Relationship between the severity of endoscopic findings, clinical parameters and GER-related symptoms.

Variable	GERD “0”	GERD “1”	GERD “2”	GERD “3”	GERD “4”	P1
Number of cases	11	13	20	7	6
Age (yr)	52 (42-53)2	53 (45-55)	53 (43-59)	53 (48-60)	50 (48-50)	0.79
Gender (women,%)	18	31	35	29	0	0.197
BMI	29.5 (26.9-36.1)	33.9 (31.2-37.4)	32.3 (28.6-35.0)	37.8 (33.2-40.6)	40.8 (35.8-47.3)	0.04
Epworth	11 (8-14)	9 (7-12)	12.5 (10-16.5)	15 (14-19)	17 (16-18)	0.006
AHI	14 (8-26)	11.2 (10-35)	31.5 (16.4-66.1)	65 (56.7-99.3)	63.4 (45-83)	0.0001
GER-related symptoms +(%)	18.2	61.5	60	57.1	50	0.178

¹In case of continuous variable one-way ANOVA and dichotomous variable χ²-test for trend (P<0.05 significant) 2median (interquartile range).

Table 4 Logistic regression analysis in terms of the severity of GERD1 and the relationship between BMI and AHI.

	Not-adjusted model	Adjusted at AHI2
BMI3	1.9 (0.64-5.88) 0.234	1.27 (0.38-4.15) 0.68
AHI3	4.09 (1.31-12.74) 0.016	3.79 (1.25-12.4) 0.028

¹Severity of GERD: mild: 0-1, severe: 2-4

²Classifying the AHI values: low: ≤the median of all patients (35); high: > the median of all patients (35);

³Classifying the BMI: low: ≤the median of all patients (33.8); high: >the median of all patients (33.8);

⁴Confidence interval; P<0.05 significant.