Catheter tract implantation metastases associated with percutaneous biliary drainage for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Table 1 Implantation metastases along the PTBD tract among patients who underwent a resection for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

	First	Sex/age	Histology of the primary tumor		Detection of metastases metastases after PTBD (mo)	Sites of recurrences other than the PTBD tract	Management of implantation metastases	Outcome after the detection of implantation metastases (mo)
n	author	(yr)	Type	Grade
1	Sano[7]	M/68	Adeno	G1	45	–	Hx	100; NED
2	Inagaki[8]	F/51	As	nd	6	–	Hx, EAW	65; NED
3	Matsumoto[9]	F/61	Adeno	G2	21	–	Hx	24; NED
4	Shimizu[10]	M/75	Adeno	G2	16	–	Hx	14; NED
5	Tersigni[11]	M/66	Adeno	G1	13	–	RTx, CTx	4; DOD
6	Omokawa[12]	M/45	Adeno	nd	3	-	Hx	nd; nd
7	Uenishi[13]	F/57	Adeno	G1	14	Pleura (right)	Pleuropneum- onectomy, ECW2	21; DOD
8	Sakata1	F/63	Adeno	G1	14	Bone, Local	RTx	20; DOD
9	Sakata1	M/70	Adeno	G2	20	Peritoneum	EAW	9; DO
10	Sakata1	M/76	Adeno	G3	7	Local	BSC	3; DOD

PTBD: percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage; Adeno: adenocarcinoma; As: adenosquamous carcinoma; G1: well differentiated; G2: moderately differentiated; G3: poorly differentiated; Hx: hepatectomy; EAW: excision of the abdominal wall; RTx: radiotherapy; CTx: chemotherapy; ECW: excision of the chest wall, BSC: best supportive care; NED: (alive with) no evidence of disease; DOD: died of disease; nd: not documented. ¹Present case.

²A PTBD catheter had been introduced transphrenically via the right pleural cavity in this patient.