Budd-Chiari syndrome: Diagnosis with three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography

Figure 1 Source image of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography shows tumor thrombosis of the right hepatic vein (short arrow) and inferior vena cava (long arrow). A hypointense hepatocellular carcinoma (arrowhead) is shown simultaneously.

Figure 2 A: Axial reconstruction of three-dimensional con-trast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography demon-strates focal stenosis of right and middle hepatic veins (arrow heads). Intrahepatic collateral between right hepatic vein and subcapsular vein is also demonstrated (arrow). B: Coronal reconstruction reveals fine collaterals between hepatic veins (arrows), resembling a “spider web”.

Figure 3 A: Source image depicts occlusion of the inferior vena cava(arrowhead). B: Maximum intensity projection of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiogra-phy depicts tortuous intrahepatic collaterals (arrows) between right inferior accessory hepatic vein and right main hepatic vein. C: Inferior vena cavography confirms the occlusion of the inferior vena cava (arrowhead) and the intrahepatic collaterals (arrow).

Figure 4 Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography identifies a septum (arrowheads) in the inferior vena cava.

Figure 5 Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography detects occlusion of the inferior vena cava(white arrowheads), prominent left renal-inferior phrenic-pericardiophrenic collaterals (arrows) and esophageal varix (black arrowhead).

Figure 6 Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography demonstrates occlusion of the left por-tal vein (arrowhead) and heterogeneous enhancement pattern of the liver (arrows).