Analogies between medusa and single port surgery in gastroenterology and hepatology: A review

Figure 1 PubMed timeline results per year (search query “single port laparoscopy“, article type “journal articles, classical articles, letters, multicenter studies, case reports“).

Figure 2 Two examples of single port devices that are currently used. The simple home-made port employing a surgical glove and a wound protector for delivery of all instruments (left) and the JackPort™ equipped with ambient intraabdominal light, smoke evacuation and routable smart tubing (right).

Figure 3 When compared to conventional multitrocar laparoscopy (left) the use of two crossed instruments close to a target requires articulation in order to enable triangulation in single port surgery (right).

Figure 4 Specimen extraction is performed using a tear-proof retrieval bag in order to prevent intraabdominal bacteria or tumor cell dislocation during squeezing.

Figure 5 Mean procedural times of appendectomies (left) and cholecystectomies (right) during the learning curve of 10 single port laparoscopies for novices (n = 3) and surgeons trained in conventional multitrocar surgery (n = 5) did not differ significantly (by means of Two-way ANOVA) between the groups.