Low-pressure pneumoperitoneum with abdominal wall lift in laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: Initial experience

Figure 1 The subcutaneous abdominal wall lift system. The steel scaffold was fixed to the operating table. A sterilized needle was inserted through the subcutaneous tissue and drafted by a retractor to lift the abdominal wall.

Figure 2 Intraoperative monitoring indexes. A: Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP); B: Peak and mean paw airway pressure (P_max and P_mean).