Colorectal cancer screening: An updated review of the available options

Figure 1 SEPT9 gene. Septins: Multifunctional “scaffolding” proteins that provide structural support during cytokinesis. SEPT9 gene produces septin-9 that appears to act as a tumor suppressor which is active in cells throughout body. In CRC cells: SEPT9 gene is hypermethylated and the DNA is released into peripheral blood. Methylated SEPT9 DNA can be detected by PCR 34.

Figure 2 Proposed algorithm for a cost-effective screening program. FIT: Fecal immunochemical test.