Idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis associated with long-term use of medical liquor: Two case reports and literature review

Figure 1 Findings on imaging. A, B: Computed tomography enterography and computed tomography angiography show thread-like calcifications in the ileocolic vein (black arrow) and right colic vein (white arrow); C, D: Endoscopy demonstrates purple mucosa from the cecum to the splenic flexure.

Figure 2 Findings on imaging. A: Plain abdominal radiography reveals thread-like calcifications in the right colon region (arrow); B: Computed tomography enterography shows thread-like calcifications (arrows) can be seen in the involved colic vein; C, D: Colonoscopy shows purple-blue mucosa extending from the cecum to the sigmoid, multiple ulcers in the ascending colon and transverse colon and some ulcers were longitudinal with a purulent surface.

Figure 3 Histological findings. A: Resected specimen is cyanotic, thick-walled and rigid; B: Microscopic examination demonstrates vascular proliferation in the intestinal sub-mucosa, serosal layer and mesentery. The vascular wall is thickened. Calcification, collagen and hyaline degeneration are detectable.