Human development index is associated with mortality-to-incidence ratios of gastrointestinal cancers

Figure 1 Association between the mortality-to-incidence ratio and human development at the regional level. A: Regional age-standardized mortality (grey) and incidence (white and grey) rates per 100000 individuals for gastrointestinal cancers. The mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) are denoted; B: The regional MIRs of gastrointestinal cancers overall and stomach, liver and colorectal cancers correlate with the human development index (HDI). Best-fit lines by linear regression (solid) are indicated.

Figure 2 Global mortality-to-incidence ratios of gastrointestinal cancers. Mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs) varied across different countries.

Figure 3 Correlation between national human development index and mortality-to-incidence ratio of gastrointestinal cancers via (A) linear or (B) non-linear regression. Best-fit line by regression (solid) is indicated, with r or R values denoted.

Figure 4 Overall mortality-to-incidence ratio of gastrointestinal cancers in four human development index groups. The mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) differs significantly among areas having very high, high, medium and low human development index (HDI); ^aP < 0.05 vs very high HDI areas; ^cP < 0.05 vs high HDI areas; and ^eP < 0.05 vs medium HDI areas; one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test.