Possible ameliorative effect of breastfeeding and the uptake of human colostrum against coeliac disease in autistic rats

Figure 1 Mean eye opening age in the studied groups.

Figure 2 Transmission electron-micrograph of duodenum of rat of control group showing regularly arranged enterocytes with vesicular nucleus (white arrows) and continuous microvillus border (black arrow). Notice the cell junction (white arrowhead) between the enterocytes and abundant mitochondria (M).

Figure 3 Transmission electron microscopy results showed. A: Transmission electron-micrograph of duodenum of rat of control group showing normal appearance of the core of the villi. Note eosinophil leucocytes (S) and close proximity of blood capillary (C) to the enterocyte basement membrane (BM); B: Transmission electron-micrograph of duodenum of breastfeeding rat group 1 showing local loss of microvillus border (long arrows) and swollen mitochondria with remnants cristae (M); C: Transmission electron-micrograph of duodenum of breastfeeding rat group 1 showing irregular nuclei (long arrow) with intercellular oedema (short arrow) and swollen mitochondria (M); D: Transmission electron-micrograph of duodenum of breastfeeding rat group 1 showing increased eosinophil leucocytes (S). Notice the nuclei of fibroblasts (F) and vacuolated enterocytes (V); E: Transmission electron-micrograph of duodenum of rat treated with human colostrum group 2 showing the enterocytes with vesicular nuclei (arrow) and regular microvillus border (black arrow). Notice the cell junction (head arrow)and abundant mitochondria(M); F: Transmission electron-micrograph of duodenum of rat treated with human colostrum showing normal appearance of the core of the villi with nuclei of lymphocyte (LY), nuclei of fibroblast (F) and eosinophil leucocytes (S).

Figure 4 Scanning electron microscopy results showed. A: Scanning electron-micrograph of duodenal villi of control group showing the villi with intact tips and border (short arrow). Notice the opening of goblet cells on the surface of the villi (arrow head); B: Scanning electron micrograph of duodenum of breastfeeding rat group 1 showing some of the villi are seen to be deformed (long arrow). Notice short villus (arrow head) is clearly seen; C: Scanning electron micrograph of duodenum of breastfeeding rat group 1 showing some villi with necrotic tips (short arrow). Notice distorted appearance of the other villi with accumulation of mucous (m); D: Scanning electron-micrograph of duodenum of rat treated with human colostrum group 2 showing duodenal villi with intact tips and borders (short arrow). Notice the presence of mucous on some villi (m).