Macrophage migration inhibitory factor stimulated by Helicobacter pylori increases proliferation of gastric epithelial cells

Figure 1 Expression of MIF by THP1 after co-culture with LPS (1 ng/mL) and whole cell proteins (40 μg/mL) of wild-type cytotoxic H pylori strain TN2 and its isogenic mutants, TN2△cag (PAI-), TN2△cagA (cagA-) and TN2△cagE (cagE-). The bars represent the standard deviations. ^bP<0.01, compared with the control.

Figure 2 Expression of MIF by THP1 after co-culture with a wild-type cytotoxic H pylori strain TN2 and its isogenic mutants, TN2△cag (PAI-), TN2△cagA (cagA-) and TN2△cagE (cagE-), at different organism/cell ratios for 12 h. The bars represent the standard deviations. ^bP<0.01, compared with the isogenic mutant TN2△cag (PAI-).

Figure 3 Effect of LPS and H pylori-co-cultured supernatants of THP1 cells, with and without addition of monoclonal anti-MIF antibody (Ab), on the cell proliferation of MKN-45. The bars represent the standard deviations. ^aP<0.05 vs the control.