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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 21, 2027; 33(3): 124812
Published online Jan 21, 2027. doi: 10.3748/wjg.124812
Published online Jan 21, 2027. doi: 10.3748/wjg.124812
Epidemiology, genetics, clinical characteristics, and dietary risk factors of familial celiac disease in China: A cross-sectional study
Sheng-Long Xue, Dan-Ni Chen, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Tian Shi, Tuomalisi Ainiwaer, Gulisitan Abula, Jia-Li Hu, Maimaitireyimu Ayinuer, Feng Gao, Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Jin-Jin Xie, Xinjiang Medical University, Graduate School, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Author contributions: Xue SL and Gao F contributed to conceptualization and resources; Xue SL, Abula G, Hu JL and Ayinuer M contributed to data curation and Investigation; Xue SL and Ainiwaer T contributed to formal analysis and Software; Shi T and Gao F contributed to funding acquisition; Xue SL, Chen DN and Gao F contributed to methodology; Shi T, Xie JJ and Gao F contributed to visualization; Xue SL contributed to writing-original draft; Gao F contributed to project administration, supervision and writing-review and editing; all authors reviewed the manuscript.
AI contribution statement: The author(s) declare that no Generative AI was used in the creation of this manuscript.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82460117; and Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Strategic Talent Training Program, No. XJRC-2025-RS-PY-TX-043.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the ethics Committee of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People’s Hospital (Ethics No. KY2023060173). All participants were informed about the study, voluntarily participated in the study, and signed an informed consent form.
Informed consent statement: All subjects included in this study were informed of the content of the study and signed the informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—a checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-a checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: All raw data for this study are included in Supplementary material. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
Corresponding author: Feng Gao, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 91 Tianchi Road, Tianshan District, Urumqi 830001, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. xjgf@sina.com
Received: June 29, 2026
Revised: August 6, 2026
Accepted: September 24, 2026
Published online: January 21, 2027
Processing time: 142 Days and 16.9 Hours
Revised: August 6, 2026
Accepted: September 24, 2026
Published online: January 21, 2027
Processing time: 142 Days and 16.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This first systematic survey of 29 Chinese celiac disease (CeD) families revealed a prevalence of 15.2% among first-degree relatives and 12.1% among second-degree relatives. Carriers of HLA-DQ2.5/DQ2.2 and DQ2.5/DQ2.5 genotypes exhibited the highest risk. Among individuals with comparable genetic risk, higher wheat and milk tea consumption were associated with increased CeD risk, suggesting that dietary factors may modulate disease expression beyond genetic susceptibility.