Advances on mechanisms and structural classification of Chinese herbal monomers against hepatocellular carcinoma

doi:10.3748/wjg.121805

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Nov 14, 2026; 32(42): 121805
Published online Nov 14, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.121805

Advances on mechanisms and structural classification of Chinese herbal monomers against hepatocellular carcinoma

Jia-Lian Zheng, Pu-Zhao Chen, Tong Yu, Jie Zhang, Bing-Jiu Lu, Bao-Cheng Deng

Jia-Lian Zheng, Pu-Zhao Chen, Bing-Jiu Lu, Department of Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China

Tong Yu, Jie Zhang, Department of Hepatology, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China

Bao-Cheng Deng, The Second Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China

Co-corresponding authors: Bing-Jiu Lu and Bao-Cheng Deng.

Author contributions: Zheng JL performed literature retrieval and wrote the original draft; Chen PZ, Yu T, and Zhang J reviewed the literature and contributed to data extraction; Lu BJ and Deng BC conceptualized and supervised the study, revised the manuscript as co-corresponding authors; all of the authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript to be published.

AI contribution statement: The authors did not use any AI tools (including large language models, AI-assisted writing tools, or image generators) in the preparation of this manuscript.

Supported by The Sixth Batch of the National Clinical Excellence Training Program for Traditional Chinese Medicine Talents; The Second Cohort of Liaoning Provincial Outstanding Talents in Traditional Chinese Medicine Program; and Science Planing Project of Liaoning Province, No. 2025-BS-0727.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.

Corresponding author: Bing-Jiu Lu, Chief Physician, Department of Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street, Huanggu District, Shenyang 110032, Liaoning Province, China. lubingjiu@163.com

Received: April 2, 2026
Revised: June 22, 2026
Accepted: July 17, 2026
Published online: November 14, 2026
Processing time: 173 Days and 20 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common and deadly liver cancer. This review focuses on active compounds from traditional Chinese herbs, organized by chemical structure. These natural compounds can suppress tumors in multiple ways simultaneously: They induce tumor cell death, block proliferation and metastasis, and modulate the immune microenvironment. By linking chemical structure to biological activity, this review provides a useful guide for developing these compounds into new liver cancer drugs, with an emphasis on recent advances in overcoming translational barriers such as poor bioavailability and lack of clinical evidence.