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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 28, 2026; 32(40): 119619
Published online Oct 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.119619
Published online Oct 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.119619
Urinary trypsinogens and trypsinogen activation peptide as biomarkers in pediatric acute pancreatitis: A prospective observational study
Kamila A Kwiatek-Średzińska, Kinga Trochimczyk, Dariusz M Lebensztejn, Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-274, Poland
Jacek Jamiołkowski, Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok 15-269, Poland
Author contributions: Kwiatek-Średzińska KA performed the research, wrote the manuscript; Kwiatek-Średzińska KA, Trochimczyk K and Jamiołkowski J analyzed the data; Kwiatek-Średzińska KA and Lebensztejn DM designed the research study; Lebensztejn DM critically revised the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: ChatGPT was used for language polishing and writing assistance. ChatGPT was used for writing assistance to improve spelling and grammar. The scientific content was prepared by the authors based on the revisions made to the manuscript. AI-generated suggestions were verified by the authors. Data analyses were performed only by the authors. No AI tool participated in design of the study or interpretation of its results.
Supported by Medical University of Bialystok, Poland, No. SUB/1/DN/22/002/1143 and No. B.SUB.26.422.
Institutional review board statement: The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Medical University of Bialystok (approval No. R-I-002/299/2019).
Informed consent statement: All participants provided informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflict of interest in publishing the manuscript.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement – checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement – checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to patient confidentiality, but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Corresponding author: Kamila A Kwiatek-Średzińska, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutrition, Allergology and Pulmonology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona Street 17, Bialystok 15-274, Poland.
Received: February 12, 2026
Revised: April 20, 2026
Accepted: June 3, 2026
Published online: October 28, 2026
Processing time: 212 Days and 14 Hours
Revised: April 20, 2026
Accepted: June 3, 2026
Published online: October 28, 2026
Processing time: 212 Days and 14 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This is the first observational study in children evaluating the usefulness of urinary trypsinogens and trypsinogen activation peptide as biomarkers in pediatric acute pancreatitis. Urinary trypsinogen-2 may serve as a noninvasive biomarker of acute pancreatitis, whereas urinary trypsinogen activation peptide may reflect disease severity in children, although with certain time-dependent limitations. Assessment of urinary parameters offers a simple, noninvasive, and painless approach with potential clinical utility.