Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 28, 2019; 25(4): 498-508
Published online Jan 28, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i4.498
Published online Jan 28, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i4.498
Endoscopic identification of endoluminal esophageal landmarks for radial and longitudinal orientation and lesion location
Fabian Emura, Division of Gastroenterology, Universidad de La Sabana, Bogotá DC 140013, Colombia
Fabian Emura, Advanced Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, EmuraCenter LatinoAmerica, Bogotá DC 110121, Colombia
Fabian Emura, Emura Foundation for the Promotion of Cancer Research, Bogotá DC 110121, Colombia
Fabian Emura, Unidad de Endoscopia Digestiva, Clínica Pediátrica Colsanitas, Bogotá DC 110121, Colombia
Rene Gomez-Esquivel, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, United States
Carlos Rodriguez-Reyes, Division of Gastroenterology, Universidad de La Sabana, Bogotá DC 53753, Colombia
Petros Benias, Division of Gastroenterology, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Medical Center. New York, NY 11030, United States
Javier Preciado, Unidad de Exploraciones Digestivas, Clinica Universitaria Colombia, Bogotá DC 110121, Colombia
Michael Wallace, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, United States
Luis Giraldo-Cadavid, Department of Internal Medicine. Universidad de La Sabana, Bogotá DC 140013, Colombia
Luis Giraldo-Cadavid, Division of Interventional Pulmonology, Fundacion Neumologica Colombiana, Bogota DC, 110131, Colombia
Supported by (in part) a grant in aid from the Emura Foundation for the Promotion of Cancer Research , No. 01221 .
Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to report.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Fabian Emura MD, PhD, FASGE, Director, EmuraCenter LatinoAmerica, Calle 134 No. 7-83. Consultorio 341. Edificio Altos del Bosque, Bogotá DC 110121, Colombia. fabian.emura@unisabana.edu.co
Telephone: +57-1-6271493
Received: September 30, 2018
Peer-review started: September 30, 2018
First decision: November 15, 2018
Revised: December 3, 2018
Accepted: December 19, 2018
Article in press: December 20, 2018
Published online: January 28, 2019
Peer-review started: September 30, 2018
First decision: November 15, 2018
Revised: December 3, 2018
Accepted: December 19, 2018
Article in press: December 20, 2018
Published online: January 28, 2019
Core Tip
Core tip: Although accurate photo documentation of endoscopic landmarks and a careful description of the location of an esophageal lesion are included in endoscopy quality guidelines, clinical practice lacks these essentials. This study characterized two esophageal landmarks to permit radial and longitudinal orientation and accurate lesion location. The left main bronchus and left atrium landmarks were identified in 99% and 100% of patients on the anterior esophageal quadrant and at a mean distance of 25.8 cm and 31.4 cm from the incisors, respectively. The endoscopic ultrasound sub-study confirmed these findings and the anterior orientation of the landmarks.