Copyright
©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 21, 2019; 25(31): 4512-4533
Published online Aug 21, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i31.4512
Published online Aug 21, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i31.4512
Systematic review and meta-analysis of esophageal cancer in Africa: Epidemiology, risk factors, management and outcomes
Akwi W Asombang, Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States
Nathaniel Chishinga, Department for HIV Elimination, Fulton County Government, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States
Alick Nkhoma, Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Stoke University Hospital, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Staffordshire ST4 6QG, United Kingdom
Jackson Chipaila, Department of Surgery, University Teaching Hospital-Adult Hospital, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
Bright Nsokolo, Department of Medicine, Levy Mwanawasa University Teaching Hospital, Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group (TROPGAN), Lusaka 10101, Zambia
Martha Manda-Mapalo, Department of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, United States
Joao Filipe G Montiero, Department of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, United States
Lewis Banda, Hematology/Oncology, Cancer Disease Hospital, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
Kulwinder S Dua, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States
Author contributions: Asombang AW, Chishinga N, Banda L, Dua KS designed and conceptualized the review; Asombang AW, Chishinga N, Nkhoma A, Chipaila J, Nsokolo B, Manda-Mapalo M, Montiero JFG were involved in data acquisition and analysis; all authors contributed to data interpretation, drafting the initial manuscript, reviewing and approving the final manuscript as submitted.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no competing interests.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Akwi W Asombang, FAAP, FACP, FACG, FASGE MD, MPH Assistant Professor of Medicine, Interventional Gastroenterologist, Clinician Educator, Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, POB 240, 110 Lockwood Street, Providence, RI 02903, United States. akwi_asombang@brown.edu
Telephone: +1-401-4445031
Received: April 15, 2019
Peer-review started: April 15, 2019
First decision: May 16, 2019
Revised: July 5, 2019
Accepted: July 19, 2019
Article in press: July 19, 2019
Published online: August 21, 2019
Peer-review started: April 15, 2019
First decision: May 16, 2019
Revised: July 5, 2019
Accepted: July 19, 2019
Article in press: July 19, 2019
Published online: August 21, 2019
Core Tip
Core tip: Esophageal cancer is an important cause of cancer related deaths world-wide, but particularly in Africa where mortality rates due to this condition have been found to be higher. We systematically reviewed the literature on esophageal cancer in Africa and present our findings on the incidence, risk factors, management strategies, resultant outcomes and overall survival.