Published online Sep 28, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i36.4132
Peer-review started: March 25, 2018
First decision: April 18, 2018
Revised: April 24, 2018
Accepted: May 6, 2018
Article in press: May 6, 2018
Published online: September 28, 2018
Core tip: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is mainly derived from hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine, a process mediated by lysophospholipase D activity in proteins such as autotaxin (ATX). The binding of LPA to its receptors LPA1-6 activates multiple cellular signaling pathways and leads to changes. Studies using genetically modified animals have begun to reveal the roles of LPA pathways in metabolic active tissues and organs. The present review summarized recent progresses in the studies of extracellular and intracellular LPA production pathways; the functions, structural and biochemical properties of ATX and LPA receptors. Furthermore, the potential roles of LPA production and LPA receptor signaling pathways in obesity, insulin resistance and liver fibrosis are discussed.