Copyright
©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 14, 2018; 24(14): 1521-1530
Published online Apr 14, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i14.1521
Published online Apr 14, 2018. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i14.1521
Extra-intestinal manifestations of non-celiac gluten sensitivity: An expanding paradigm
Giuseppe Losurdo, Mariabeatrice Principi, Andrea Iannone, Annacinzia Amoruso, Enzo Ierardi, Alfredo Di Leo, Michele Barone, Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Bari 70124, Italy
Author contributions: Losurdo G, Barone M and Di Leo A planned the study; Principi M, Iannone A, Amoruso A and Barone M collected the data; Losurdo G and Ierardi E wrote the paper; Barone M and Di Leo A revised the article; Losurdo G and Principi M contributed equally and are co-first authors.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None declared.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Giuseppe Losurdo, MD, Doctor, Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy. giuseppelos@alice.it
Telephone: +39-80-5593452 Fax: +39-80-5593088
Received: March 8, 2018
Peer-review started: March 9, 2018
First decision: March 14, 2018
Revised: March 27, 2018
Accepted: March 31, 2018
Article in press: March 31, 2018
Published online: April 14, 2018
Peer-review started: March 9, 2018
First decision: March 14, 2018
Revised: March 27, 2018
Accepted: March 31, 2018
Article in press: March 31, 2018
Published online: April 14, 2018
Core Tip
Core tip: Non celiac gluten sensitivity is an expanding field of investigation within gluten-related disorders. Similarly to celiac disease, it shows a systemic involvement, therefore several extra-intestinal manifestations have been hypothesized and investigated in many studies. They may involve many districts and have neurological/psychiatric, dermatological, rheumatologic and nutritional implications. Moreover, the possibility of association with other autoimmune diseases should not be underestimated. However, the large data amount from the literature often requires to be supported by evidence-based agreements.