Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. May 14, 2017; 23(18): 3295-3300
Published online May 14, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i18.3295
Clinical significance of hypoechoic submandibular gland lesions in type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis
Shinichi Takano, Mitsuharu Fukasawa, Makoto Kadokura, Hiroko Shindo, Ei Takahashi, Sumio Hirose, Yoshimitsu Fukasawa, Satoshi Kawakami, Tadashi Sato, Nobuyuki Enomoto
Shinichi Takano, Mitsuharu Fukasawa, Makoto Kadokura, Hiroko Shindo, Ei Takahashi, Sumio Hirose, Yoshimitsu Fukasawa, Satoshi Kawakami, Tadashi Sato, Nobuyuki Enomoto, First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
Author contributions: Takano S designed and performed the research and wrote the paper; Sato T designed the research and supervised the report; Fukasawa M, Kadokura M, Shindo H, Takahashi E, Hirose S, Fukasawa Y, Kawakami S and Enomoto N provided clinical advice.
Institutional review board statement: This retrospective study was approved by the ethics committee of Yamanashi University Hospital.
Informed consent statement: The ethics committee waived the requirement for written informed consent because the study was a retrospective data analysis, with appropriate consideration given to patient risk, privacy, welfare, and rights.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors report no financial conflicts of interest.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Tadashi Sato, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110, Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan. tadashis@yamanashi.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-55-2739584 Fax: +81-55-2736748
Received: December 26, 2017
Peer-review started: December 27, 2017
First decision: February 10, 2017
Revised: March 12, 2017
Accepted: April 21, 2017
Article in press: April 21, 2017
Published online: May 14, 2017
Core Tip

Core tip: We previously reported that multiple hypoechoic lesions in submandibular glands (SGs) were a specific marker of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). In this study, we aimed to clarify the significance of hypoechoic lesions in SGs by ultrasonography in AIP diagnosis using the international consensus diagnostic criteria (ICDC). Ultrasonographic evidence of hypoechoic lesions in SGs improved the definitive diagnosis of sialadenitis and type 1 AIP by the ICDC criteria in 11 (30%) and 2 (5.4%) cases, respectively. SG ultrasonography to detect multiple hypoechoic lesions might be useful for type 1 AIP diagnosis by improving diagnostic accuracy together with the ICDC sialadenitis criteria.