Lymphovascular invasion in more than one-quarter of small rectal neuroendocrine tumors
Mi Jung Kwon, Ho Suk Kang, Jae Seung Soh, Hyun Lim, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park, Hye-Rim Park, Eun Sook Nam
Mi Jung Kwon, Hye-Rim Park, Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si 431-796, South Korea
Ho Suk Kang, Jae Seung Soh, Hyun Lim, Jong Hyeok Kim, Choong Kee Park, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang-si 431-796, South Korea
Eun Sook Nam, Department of Pathology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 134-701, South Korea
Author contributions: Kwon MJ evaluated pathologic findings and drafted the manuscript; Kwon MJ and Kang HS contributed equally to this work; Kang HS designed the study, analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript; Soh JS and Lim H revised the manuscript for important intellectual content; Kim JH and Park CK supervised the study; Park HR and Nam ES evaluated and supervised pathologic findings; all authors have read and approved the final version to be published.
Institutional review board statement: This study was conducted with the approval of the ethics committee of Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital in Anyang, Korea, IRB No. 2016- I093.
Informed consent statement: Patients were not required to give informed consent to the study because only pathologic reevaluation and medical records were used in this retrospective study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Ho Suk Kang, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170 beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si 431-796, South Korea. hskang76@hallym.or.kr
Telephone: +82-31-3803707 Fax: +82-31-3803701
Received: July 16, 2016
Peer-review started: July 18, 2016
First decision: July 29, 2016
Revised: September 10, 2016
Accepted: October 10, 2016
Article in press: October 10, 2016
Published online: November 14, 2016