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World J Gastroenterol. Sep 14, 2014; 20(34): 12269-12276
Published online Sep 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12269
Published online Sep 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i34.12269
Smoking increases the risk of extraintestinal manifestations in Crohn's disease
Claudia Ott, Angela Takses, Florian Obermeier, Elisabeth Schnoy, Martina Müller, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany
Author contributions: Ott C contributed to the conception and design of the study, acquisition of data and writing of the manuscript; Takses A contributed to the acquisition and analysis of data; Obermeier F and Schnoy E contributed to the acquisition of data and editing the manuscript; Müller M contributed to the providing financial support for this work, editing and revision of the manuscript.
Correspondence to: Claudia Ott, MD, Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93042 Regensburg, Germany. claudia.ott@ukr.de
Telephone: +49-941-9447003 Fax: +49-941-9447004
Received: November 12, 2013
Revised: January 22, 2014
Accepted: April 27, 2014
Published online: September 14, 2014
Revised: January 22, 2014
Accepted: April 27, 2014
Published online: September 14, 2014
Core Tip
Core tip: Owing to the high prevalence of extraintestinal manifestations (EIM) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis have to be considered as systemic diseases. However, prospective data on the prevalence of EIM at first diagnosis from population-based cohorts are lacking. We found a high prevalence of EIMs in our population-based cohort of IBD patients at first diagnosis, with an increased risk in patients with CD. More than 60% of patients developed an EIM during the early course of disease. Smoking, young age at disease onset and the need for IBD-related surgery were identified as risk factors for developing an EIM in CD.