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World J Gastroenterol. Sep 7, 2014; 20(33): 11743-11752
Published online Sep 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i33.11743
Published online Sep 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i33.11743
Impacts of common factors of life style on serum liver enzymes
Joanna Danielsson, Päivikki Kangastupa, Onni Niemelä, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and University of Tampere, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
Joanna Danielsson, Päivikki Kangastupa, Onni Niemelä, Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and University of Tampere, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland
Tiina Laatikainen, Mauri Aalto, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 00271 Helsinki, Finland
Tiina Laatikainen, The Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
Tiina Laatikainen, Hospital District of North Karelia, 80210 Joensuu, Finland
Author contributions: Danielsson J analysed the data, drafted the manuscript; Kangastupa P analysed the data; Laatikainen T and Aalto M designed the study, performed data acquisition, revised the manuscript; Niemelä O designed the study and wrote the manuscript.
Supported by Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Seinäjoki Central Hospital and University of Tampere, VTR110
Correspondence to: Onni Niemelä, MD, Professor, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and University of Tampere, Hanneksenrinne 7, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland. onni.niemela@epshp.fi
Telephone: +358-6-4154719 Fax: +358-6-4154924
Received: December 19, 2013
Revised: January 20, 2014
Accepted: May 19, 2014
Published online: September 7, 2014
Revised: January 20, 2014
Accepted: May 19, 2014
Published online: September 7, 2014
Core Tip
Core tip: The present study among 6269 apparently healthy individuals shows that the early changes in serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels show distinct age- and gender-dependent variation according to the amount of alcohol drinking and the presence or absence of overweight. Coffee consumption and smoking also modulate the enzyme levels with different sensitivities between genders. The data should be implicated in the assessment of health risks associated with such factors of life style and when revisiting the concept of normal limits in the clinical use of liver enzymes.