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World J Gastroenterol. Mar 21, 2014; 20(11): 2810-2824
Published online Mar 21, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i11.2810
Histopathological evaluation of recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation: A review
Francesco Vasuri, Deborah Malvi, Elisa Gruppioni, Walter F Grigioni, Antonia D’Errico-Grigioni
Francesco Vasuri, Deborah Malvi, Elisa Gruppioni, Walter F Grigioni, Antonia D’Errico-Grigioni, “F. Addarii” Institute of Oncology and Transplantation Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, 40138 Bologna, Italy
Author contributions: Vasuri F and Malvi D reviewed the literature, wrote the paper and contributed to the images; Gruppioni E reviewed the literature concerning reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction methods in hepatitis C virus recipients and wrote the relevant paragraph; Grigioni WF and D’Errico-Grigioni A designed the review and revised it critically; all authors approved the final version of the manuscript and its contents.
Correspondence to: Walter F Grigioni, MD, “F. Addarii” Institute of Oncology and Transplant Pathology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna University, V.le Ercolani 4/2, 40138 Bologna, Italy. franco.grigioni@aosp.bo.it
Telephone: +39-51-6364546 Fax: +39-51-6364403
Received: September 23, 2013
Revised: November 8, 2013
Accepted: December 12, 2013
Published online: March 21, 2014
Core Tip

Core tip: Recently, tissue hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA quantitation by means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction has been largely used in the early post-orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) phases, especially in the differential diagnosis of recurrent hepatitis C vs mild acute rejection, replacing immunohistochemistry in some laboratories. Nevertheless, the importance of tissue HCV RNA quantitation in the long post-OLT term has not been clarified yet. The suitability and usefulness of protocol biopsies are still debated: protocol biopsies may be necessary in order to answer other open questions, such as the significance of plasma cell infiltrate in HCV-positive allografts, the prognostic weight of HCV-induced steatosis, and the impact of donor age in recurrent hepatitis C.