Histologic remission and arrhythmias in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A nationwide cohort study
Jiang-Wei Sun, Mei-Ling Li, Wan-Shui Yang, Karl Mårild, Johan Sundström, David Bergman, Fahim Ebrahimi, Jonas Halfvarson, Ola Olén, Jonas F Ludvigsson
Jiang-Wei Sun, School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, Guangdong Province, China
Jiang-Wei Sun, Mei-Ling Li, David Bergman, Fahim Ebrahimi, Jonas F Ludvigsson, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17165, Sweden
Mei-Ling Li, Wan-Shui Yang, Department of Nutrition, Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
Karl Mårild, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg 41345, Sweden
Karl Mårild, Department of Pediatrics, Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Gothenburg 41685, Sweden
Johan Sundström, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75185, Stockholm, Sweden
Johan Sundström, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, New South Wales 2052, Australia
Fahim Ebrahimi, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Digestive Health Care Center Basel – Clarunis, Basel 4031, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland
Jonas Halfvarson, Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro SE70182, Sweden
Ola Olén, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden
Ola Olén, Sachs’ Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm South General Hospital, Stockholm 11883, Sweden
Jonas F Ludvigsson, Department of Pediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro 70185, Sweden
Jonas F Ludvigsson, Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, United States
Co-corresponding authors: Mei-Ling Li and Jonas F Ludvigsson.
Author contributions: Sun JW was the guarantor, had access to all the data, did all analyses, and designed figures; Sun JW, Li ML, and Ludvigsson JF drafted the manuscript; Li ML and Ludvigsson JF had contributed a lot to this paper as co-corresponding authors; Sun JW and Ludvigsson JF provided funding; Olén O and Ludvigsson JF were involved in the acquisition of data; Sun JW, Li ML, Yang WS, Mårild K, Sundström J, Bergman D, Ebrahimi F, Halfvarson J, Olen O, and Ludvigsson JF authors were involved in the study concept and design; all authors were involved in the interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and approval of the final version.
AI contribution statement: AI tools (specifically ChatGPT) were used solely for linguistic refinement and formatting assistance. No AI tool was involved in the generation of research data, interpretation of results, or formulation of conclusions. All AI-generated outputs were critically reviewed and revised by the authors.
Supported by Swedish Society for Medical Research, No. PG-23-0315-H-02; European Crohn’s and Colitis Organization; Swedish Society of Medicine; Ruth and Richard Julin Foundation; Karolinska Institutet Research Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China; Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 26hytd011; and Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Stockholm Ethics Review Board (No. 2014/1287-31/4, No. 2018/972-32, No. 2022-05774-02, No. 2021-06209-01, No. 2022-04384-02, and No. 2023-04868-02).
Informed consent statement: Individual informed consent was waived as the study was register-based.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form and declare: Sundström J reports direct or indirect stock ownership in companies (Anagram kommunikation AB, Sence Research AB, Symptoms Europe AB, MinForskning AB) providing services to companies and authorities in the health sector including Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GSK, Göteborg University, Itrim, Ipsen, Janssen, Karolinska Institutet, LIF, Linköping University, Novo Nordisk, Parexel, Pfizer, Region Stockholm, Region Uppsala, Sanofi, STRAMA, Takeda, TLV, Uppsala University, Vifor Pharma, WeMind. Olén O has been PI on projects at Karolinska Institutet financed by grants from Janssen, Pfizer, AbbVie, Takeda, Galapagos/Alfasigma, Ferring, and Bristol Myer Squibb. Halfvarson J has received consulting and/or advisory board fees from: AbbVie, Alfasigma, Aqilion, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Gilead, Hospira, Index Pharma, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, MEDA, Medivir, Medtronic, Merck, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Prometheus Laboratories Inc., Sandoz, Shire, STADA, Takeda, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Tillotts Pharma, Vifor Pharma, UCB; and speaker’s fees from: AbbVie, Alfasigma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Gilead, Hospira, Janssen, Johnson & Johnson, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Shire, Takeda, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Tillotts Pharma; and research grant support from Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme and Takeda. Ebrahimi F has served as an advisory board member for Boehringer Ingelheim. Ludvigsson JF has coordinated a study for the Swedish IBD Quality Register (SWIBREG), which received funding from Janssen Corporation, received financial support from MSD to develop a paper reviewing national healthcare registers in China, has a research collaboration on celiac disease with Takeda and has a research collaboration on fibrosis in IBD with MSD. The other authors report no disclosures relevant to the manuscript.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement – checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement – checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: Under current data protection legislation, the data cannot be shared directly and must be requested from the respective registry holders, Statistics Sweden (
information@scb.se) and the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare
(registerservice@socialstyrelsen.se), after approval by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority.
Corresponding author: Jonas F Ludvigsson, Professor, Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels Väg 12A, Solna 17165, Sweden.
jonasludvigsson@yahoo.com
Received: March 12, 2026
Revised: May 11, 2026
Accepted: July 6, 2026
Published online: November 28, 2026
Processing time: 202 Days and 10 Hours
