Review
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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 7, 2014; 20(37): 13466-13476
Published online Oct 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13466
Predictive proteomic biomarkers for inflammatory bowel disease-associated cancer: Where are we now in the era of the next generation proteomics?
Jong-Min Park, Na Young Han, Young-Min Han, Mi Kyung Chung, Hoo Keun Lee, Kwang Hyun Ko, Eun-Hee Kim, Ki Baik Hahm
Jong-Min Park, Young-Min Han, Mi Kyung Chung, Eun-Hee Kim, Ki Baik Hahm, CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, Seoul 135-081, South Korea
Na Young Han, Hoo Keun Lee, Gachon University College of Pharmacy, Incheon 406-799, South Korea
Kwang Hyun Ko, Ki Baik Hahm, Digestive Disease Center, CHA University Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam 463-838, South Korea
Author contributions: Park JM and Han NY contributed equally to this manuscript; Park JM and Han NY performed the majority of the experiments; Han YM, Chung MK and Ko KH contributed new reagents or analytic tools; Lee HK, Kim EH, and Hahm KB designed the study; Park JM and Hahm KB analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript.
Supported by Grant from the Ministry of Education and Science Technology, 2010-0002052, Korea and JSPS Asian CORE Program, Japan
Correspondence to: Ki Baik Hahm, MD, PhD, Professor, CHA Cancer Prevention Research Center, CHA University, 605 Yeoksam 1-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-081, South Korea. hahmkb@cha.ac.kr
Telephone: +82-2-34682869 Fax: +82-2-34682868
Received: December 27, 2013
Revised: March 10, 2014
Accepted: June 14, 2014
Published online: October 7, 2014
Abstract

Recent advances in genomic medicine have opened up the possibility of tailored medicine that may eventually replace traditional “one-size-fits all” approaches to the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition to exploring the interactions between hosts and microbes, referred to as the microbiome, a variety of strategies that can be tailored to an individual in the coming era of personalized medicine in the treatment of IBD are being investigated. These include prompt genomic screening of patients at risk of developing IBD, the utility of molecular discrimination of IBD subtypes among patients diagnosed with IBD, and the discovery of proteome biomarkers to diagnose or predict cancer risks. Host genetic factors influence the etiology of IBD, as do microbial ecosystems in the human bowel, which are not uniform, but instead represent many different microhabitats that can be influenced by diet and might affect processes essential to bowel metabolism. Further advances in basic research regarding intestinal inflammation may reveal new insights into the role of inflammatory mediators, referred to as the inflammasome, and the macromolecular complex of metabolites formed by intestinal bacteria. Collectively, knowledge of the inflammasome and metagenomics will lead to the development of biomarkers for IBD that target specific pathogenic mechanisms involved in the spontaneous progress of IBD. In this review article, our recent results regarding the discovery of potential proteomic biomarkers using a label-free quantification technique are introduced and on-going projects contributing to either the discrimination of IBD subtypes or to the prediction of cancer risks are accompanied by updated information from IBD biomarker research.

Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, Biomarker, Proteomics, Tailored medicine, Colitic cancer

Core tip: Our recent achievements in discovering biomarkers to predict cancer risk are introduced. Ultimately, models based on combinations of genotype and gene expression data referenced with clinical, biochemical, and serological data may permit the development of tools for individualized risk stratification and efficient treatment selection, as well as complete rescue from complications, including colitis-associated cancer, in the near future.