Letters To The Editor
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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 14, 2014; 20(2): 611-612
Published online Jan 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i2.611
Fecal calprotectin in coeliac disease
Pietro Capone, Antonio Rispo, Nicola Imperatore, Nicola Caporaso, Raffaella Tortora
Pietro Capone, Antonio Rispo, Nicola Imperatore, Nicola Caporaso, Raffaella Tortora, Gastroenterology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University “Federico II” of Naples, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Author contributions: Capone P designed the study and wrote the manuscript; Rispo A, Imperatore N and Caporaso N provided analytical tools and were also involved in editing the manuscript; Tortora R provided the collection of all the human material in addition to providing financial support for this work.
Correspondence to: Pietro Capone, MD, Gastroenterologia, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University “Federico II” of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy. pietrocapone@hotmail.com
Telephone: +39-8-17463849 Fax: +39-8-15465649
Received: July 15, 2013
Revised: October 22, 2013
Accepted: November 2, 2013
Published online: January 14, 2014
Abstract

We would like to share with the readers the results of our experience in 50 celiac disease (CD) patients, enrolled between September 2012 and April 2013, who were referred to our third-level CD Unit. The fecal calprotectin (FC) concentration of 50 adults with newly diagnosed CD was compared to that of a control group of 50 healthy subjects. FC level was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay with diagnostic cut-off of 75 μg/g. In addition, we tried to correlate the FC level with symptoms, histological severity of CD (Marsh grade) and level of tissue transglutaminase antibodies (aTg) in CD patients. Finally, FC level was increased in five CD patients and in four controls (10% vs 8%, P = NS); mean FC concentration of patients and controls were 57.7 (SD ± 29.1) and 45.1 (SD ± 38.4) respectively. Furthermore, no significant correlation was seen between FC levels and symptoms/Marsh grade/aTg. The five CD patients did not show inflammatory lesions (e.g., ulcers, erosions) at upper endoscopy. The four healthy controls with positive FC were followed-up for further six months; in this observational period they did not show clinical signs of any underlying disease. On these bases, we think that FC is not able to investigate the subclinical inflammatory changes of active CD and FC should be considered a useless tool in the diagnostic work-up of uncomplicated CD but it should be accompanied by aTg when ruling out organic disease in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

Keywords: Coeliac disease, Calprotectin, Bowel inflammation, Small bowel

Core tip: High levels of fecal calprotectin (FC) have been found in several gastrointestinal diseases but only few and discordant reports investigated the role of FC in celiac disease (CD). So, we would like to share with the readers the results of our experience in 50 CD patients, who were referred to our third-level CD Unit. We think that FC is not able to investigate the subclinical inflammatory changes of active CD and FC should be considered a useless tool in the diagnostic work-up of uncomplicated CD but it should be accompanied by aTg when ruling out organic disease in patients with IBS.