Brief Article
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World J Gastroenterol. Sep 14, 2012; 18(34): 4765-4770
Published online Sep 14, 2012. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i34.4765
Emergency transcatheter arterial embolization for patients with acute massive duodenal ulcer hemorrhage
Yong-Li Wang, Ying-Sheng Cheng, Li-Zhen Liu, Zhong-Hui He, Kun-Hong Ding
Yong-Li Wang, Li-Zhen Liu, Zhong-Hui He, Kun-Hong Ding, Department of Interventional Radiology, Fengxian Branch Hospital of Affiliated 6th People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 201400, China
Ying-Sheng Cheng, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
Author contributions: Wang YL performed all interventional radiology procedures in all patients with acute massive duodenal ulcer hemorrhage, and he also designed and wrote the manuscript; Cheng YS gave some good suggestions about how to design, write and polish the manuscript; Liu LZ and He ZH assisted Wang YL to carry out all patients’ management plans, and undertook collection of all patients’ material; and Ding KH was a nurse working in digital subtraction radiography, who participated in all patients’ management procedures and collected patient information.
Correspondence to: Dr. Ying-Sheng Cheng, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China. cjr.chengysh@vip.163.com
Telephone: +86-21-57426335 Fax: +86-21-57416150
Received: September 19, 2011
Revised: February 2, 2012
Accepted: May 6, 2012
Published online: September 14, 2012
Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of emergency transcatheter arterial embolization (ETAE) for patients with acute massive duodenal ulcer hemorrhage.

METHODS: Twenty-nine consecutive patients with acute massive bleeding of duodenal ulcer were admitted to our hospital from 2006 to 2011. Superselective angiography of the celiac and gastroduodenal arteries was performed to find out the bleeding sites before ETAE, then, embolotherapy was done with gelatin sponge particles or microstrips via a 5 French angiographic catheter or 3 French microcatheter. After ETAE, further superior mesenteric arteriography was undertaken in case collateral circulation supplied areas of the duodenal ulcer. Technical and clinical success rates were analyzed. Changes in the mucous membrane were observed using endoscopy following ETAE.

RESULTS: Angiography showed active bleeding with extravasation of contrast medium in seven cases with a 24% positive rate of celiac artery bleeding, and in 19 cases with a 65.5% rate of gastroduodenal artery bleeding. There were no angiographic signs of bleeding in three patients who underwent endoscopy prior to ETAE. Twenty-six patients achieved immediate hemostasis and technical success rate reached 90%. No hemostasis was observed in 27 patients within 30 d after ETAE and clinical success rate was 93%. Recurrent hemorrhage occurred in two patients who drank a lot of wine who were treated by a second embolotherapy in the same way. Five patients underwent transient ischem with light abdominal pain under xiphoid, spontaneous restoration without special treatment. No mucous necrosis happened to 29 cases for ischem of gastroduodenal arteries embolized.

CONCLUSION: ETAE is an effective and safe measure to control acute massive bleeding of duodenal ulcer.

Keywords: Transcatheter embolization, Massive bleeding, Duodenal ulcer, Angiography