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World J Gastroenterol. Dec 28, 2011; 17(48): 5240-5245
Published online Dec 28, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i48.5240
Published online Dec 28, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i48.5240
Impact of liver diseases on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Po-Shiuan Hsieh, Yen-Ju Hsieh, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, 114 Taipei, Taiwan, China
Po-Shiuan Hsieh, Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, 114 Taipei, Taiwan, China
Author contributions: Hsieh PS conceived and wrote the manuscript; Hsieh YJ performed a literature search and participated in the writing of the manuscript; both authors approved its final version.
Supported by The National Science Council, No. NSC98-2320-B-016-011 MY3T; and Tri-Service General Hospital, No. TSGH-C100-011-015-S03
Correspondence to: Po-Shiuan Hsieh, MD, PhD, Professor and Head of Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, 114 Taipei, Taiwan, China. pshsieh@hotmail.com
Telephone: +886-2-87923100-18622 Fax: +886-2-87924827
Received: September 28, 2010
Revised: September 9, 2011
Accepted: September 16, 2011
Published online: December 28, 2011
Revised: September 9, 2011
Accepted: September 16, 2011
Published online: December 28, 2011
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is higher in patients who have liver diseases such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis, hemochromatosis, alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis. It is suggested that there is a pathogenic link between the presence of T2DM and the severity of liver injury. However, evidence related to the impact of hepatic inflammation on the development of T2DM has not yet emerged. This article provides an overview of the evidence for an increased prevalence of diabetes in a range of liver diseases, the impact of liver diseases on insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction, and the potential mechanisms whereby coexistent liver diseases exacerbate the development of T2DM.