Brief Articles
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World J Gastroenterol. Aug 21, 2009; 15(31): 3901-3907
Published online Aug 21, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.3901
Different patterns of intestinal response to injury after arterial, venous or arteriovenous occlusion in rats
Francisco Javier Guzmán-de la Garza, Carlos Rodrigo Cámara-Lemarroy, Gabriela Alarcón-Galván, Paula Cordero-Pérez, Linda Elsa Muñoz-Espinosa, Nancy Esthela Fernández-Garza
Francisco Javier Guzmán-de la Garza, Carlos Rodrigo Cámara-Lemarroy, Nancy Esthela Fernández-Garza, Department of Physiology, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, School of Medicine, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
Gabriela Alarcón-Galván, Pathologic Anatomy and Cytopathology Service, “José Eleuterio González” University Hospital, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
Paula Cordero-Pérez, Linda Elsa Muñoz-Espinosa, Liver Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, School of Medicine, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
Author contributions: Guzmán-de la Garza FJ designed the study; Cámara-Lemarroy CR and Guzmán-de la Garza FJ performed the research; Cordero-Pérez P and Alarcón-Galván G contributed morphological analytic tools for tissue samples; Cámara-Lemarroy CR, Muñoz-Espinosa LE and Fernández-Garza NE analyzed the data; and Cámara-Lemarroy CR wrote the paper.
Correspondence to: Carlos Rodrigo Cámara-Lemarroy, MD, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, U.A.N.L, Av. Francisco I. Madero and Dr. Eduardo Aguirre Pequeño S/No., Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México. crcamara83@hotmail.com
Telephone: +52-81-83294203
Fax: +52-81-83294203
Received: June 4, 2009
Revised: July 11, 2009
Accepted: July 18, 2009
Published online: August 21, 2009
Abstract

AIM: To investigate the differences in injury patterns caused by arterial, venous or arteriovenous mesenteric occlusion.

METHODS: Male Wistar rats were separated equally into four groups. Occlusion was performed by clamping the superior mesenteric artery (A), the mesenteric vein (V) or both (AV) for 30 min, followed by 60 min of reperfusion. A control group received sham surgery only. Intestinal sections were examined for histological damage and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), endothelin-1 (ET-1), P-selectin, antithrombin III (ATIII) and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) concentrations were measured.

RESULTS: All groups showed significant mucosal injury compared to controls. Furthermore, mucosal injury was significantly more severe in the V and AV groups compared to the A group (3.6 ± 0.55, 3.4 ± 0.55 and 2 ± 0.71, respectively, P = 0.01). ICAM-1 was similarly elevated in all groups, with no significant differences between the groups. P-selectin levels were significantly elevated in the V and AV groups but not the A group (1.4 ± 0.5 ng/mL, 2.52 ± 0.9 ng/mL and 0.02 ± 0.01 ng/mL, respectively, P = 0.01) and ET-1 was significantly elevated in the A and V groups but not the AV group (0.32 ± 0.04 pg/mL, 0.36 ± 0.05 pg/mL and 0.29 ± 0.03 pg/mL, respectively, P = 0.01) compared to sham controls. ATIII levels were markedly depleted in the V and AV groups, but not in the A group (29.1 ± 5.2 pg/mL, 31.4 ± 21.8 pg/mL and 55.8 ± 35.6 pg/mL, respectively, P = 0.01), compared to controls. Serum TNF-α was significantly increased in all groups compared to sham controls (1.32 ± 0.87 ng/mL, 1.79 ± 0.20 ng/mL and 4.4 ± 0.69 ng/mL, for groups A, V and AV, respectively, P = 0.01), with higher values in the AV group.

CONCLUSION: Different patterns of response to ischemia/reperfusion are associated with venous, arterial or arteriovenous occlusion. Venous and arteriovenous occlusion was associated with the most severe alterations.

Keywords: Arterial occlusion; Rat; Intestine; Ischemia/reperfusion; Venous occlusion