New anti-proliferative agent, MK615, from Japanese apricot &ldquo;Prunus mume&rdquo; induces striking autophagy in colon cancer cells in vitro

doi:10.3748/wjg.v13.i48.6512

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Dec 28, 2007 (publication date) through Apr 23, 2024

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Colorectal Cancer

World J Gastroenterol. Dec 28, 2007; 13(48): 6512-6517
Published online Dec 28, 2007. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v13.i48.6512

New anti-proliferative agent, MK615, from Japanese apricot “Prunus mume” induces striking autophagy in colon cancer cells in vitro

Shozo Mori, Tokihiko Sawada, Toshie Okada, Tatsushi Ohsawa, Masakazu Adachi, Kubota Keiichi

Shozo Mori, Tokihiko Sawada, Toshie Okada, Kubota Keiichi, Second Department of Surgery, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Kitakobayashi 880, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan

Tatsushi Ohsawa, Masakazu Adachi, Japan Apricot Co., Ltd., Midori-cho 1-11-7, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0073, Japan

Correspondence to: Tokihiko Sawada, MD, PhD, Second Department of Surgery, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Kitakobayashi 880, Mibu, Shimotsuga, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan. tsawada@dokkyomed.ac.jp

Telephone: +81-282-861111 Fax: +81-282-866317

Received: April 9, 2007
Revised: August 27, 2007
Accepted: August 30, 2007
Published online: December 28, 2007

Abstract

AIM: To investigate the anti-neoplastic effects of MK615, an extract from the Japanese apricot (Prunus mume), against colon cancer cells.

METHODS: Three colon cancer cell lines, SW480, COLO, and WiDr, were cultured with MK615. Growth inhibition was evaluated by cell proliferation assay and killing activity was determined by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Induction of apoptosis was evaluated by annexin V flow cytometry. Morphological changes were studied by light and electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence staining with Atg8.

RESULTS: MK615 inhibited growth and lysed SW480, COLO and WiDr cells in a dose-dependent manner. Annexin V flow cytometry showed that MK615 induced apoptosis after 6 h incubation, at which point the occurrence of apoptotic cells was 68.0%, 65.7% and 64.7% for SW480, COLO, and WiDr cells, respectively. Light and electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence staining with Atg8 revealed that MK615 induced massive cytoplasmic vacuoles (autophagosomes) in all three cell lines.

CONCLUSION: MK615 has an anti-neoplastic effect against colon cancer cells. The effect may be exerted by induction of apoptosis and autophagy.

Keywords: Colon cancer, Japanese apricot, Prunus mume, Autophagy, Apoptosis, MK615