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World J Gastroenterol. May 21, 2006; 12(19): 3114-3118
Published online May 21, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i19.3114
Conversion to sirolimus immunosuppression in liver transplantation recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Report of an initial experience
Jian Zhou, Jia Fan, Zheng Wang, Zhi-Quan Wu, Shuang-Jian Qiu, Xiao-Wu Huang, Yao Yu, Jian Sun, Yong-Sheng Xiao, Yi-Feng He, Yu-Qi Wang, Zhao-You Tang
Jian Zhou, Jia Fan, Zheng Wang, Zhi-Quan Wu, Shuang-Jian Qiu, Xiao-Wu Huang, Yao Yu, Jian Sun, Yong-Sheng Xiao, Yi-Feng He, Yu-Qi Wang, Zhao-You Tang, Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Author contributions: All authors contributed equally to the work
Supported by the key project grant of the Science and Technological Committee of Shanghai Municipality, No. 024001119; and the Foundation for “New Star of Medicine” of Shanghai Health Bureau, No. 1999-59
Correspondence to: Jia Fan, MD, PhD, Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China. jianzhou@zshospital.net
Telephone: +86-21-64037181 Fax: +86-21-64037181
Received: September 23, 2005
Revised: December 12, 2005
Accepted: December 22, 2005
Published online: May 21, 2006
Abstract

AIM: To report a retrospective analysis of preliminary results of 36 patients who received sirolimus (SRL, Rapamune®, rapamycin) in a consecutive cohort of 248 liver allograft recipients.

METHODS: Thirty-six liver transplant patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who were switched to SRL-based immunosuppression therapy from tacrolimus were enrolled in this study. The patients who were diagnosed as advanced HCC before orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were divided into group A (n = 11), those who were found to have HCC recurrence and/or metastasis after OLT were assigned to group B (n = 18), and those who developed renal insufficiency caused by calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) were assigned to group C (n = 7) after OLT.

RESULTS: The patients were followed up for a median of 10.4 mo (range, 3.8-19.1 mo) after conversion to SRL therapy and 12.3 mo (range, 5.1-34.4 mo) after OLT. Three patients developed mild acute cellular rejection 2 wk after initiating SRL therapy, which was fully reversed after prednisolone pulse therapy. In group A, only 1 patient was found to have HCC recurrence and metastasis 12 mo after OLT. In group B, 66.7% (12/18) patients (2 with progressive tumor, 7 with stable tumor and 3 without tumor) were still alive due to conversing to SRL and/or resection for HCC recurrence at the end of a median follow-up of 6.8 mo post conversion and 10.7 mo posttransplant. In group C, no HCC recurrence was demonstrated in 7 patients, and renal function became normal after SRL therapy. Thrombocytopenia (n = 2), anemia (n = 8), and oral aphthous ulcers (n = 7) found in our cohort were easily manageable.

CONCLUSION: The conversion to SRL-based immunosuppression may inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of HCC and improve CNI-induced renal insufficiency in OLT patients with HCC.

Keywords: Sirolimus, Orthotopic liver transplantation, Hepatocellular carcinoma