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World J Gastroenterol. May 7, 2006; 12(17): 2667-2671
Published online May 7, 2006. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i17.2667
Subtypes of functional dyspepsia
Georgina Baker, Robert J Fraser, Graeme Young
Georgina Baker, Robert J Fraser, Graeme Young, Department of Gastroenterology, Repatriation General Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre, Australia
Correspondence to: Robert J Fraser, Department of Gastroenterology, Repatriation General Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre, Australia. robert.fraser@adelaide.edu.au
Telephone: +61-8-82769666
Received: March 3, 2006
Revised: March 12, 2006
Accepted: March 27, 2006
Published online: May 7, 2006
Abstract

Functional dyspepsia is a common clinical condition characterised by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal pain or discomfort commonly associated with a variety of associated gastrointestinal symptoms and a normal endoscopy. To standardise research-based approaches, an initial categorisation of into sub groups was agreed to, based on clusters of symptoms. However the early expectation that these subgroups would be associated with distinct pathophysiologies amenable to specific therapy has not been realised. A classification based on the most troublesome symptom has been suggested but the utility of this is also unclear. More recent data suggest that some of the pathophysiologic dysfunctions may be associated with specific symptoms and so provide a better tool for grouping patients. But this approach remains incomplete as current insights into the pathogenesis are still too limited for this to be satisfactory. In conclusion, no classification provides for an adequate treatment-based approach to the syndrome of functional dyspepsia. As a consequence treatment remains largely empiric.

Keywords: Functional dyspepsia; Classification; Subtypes; Symptoms; Pathophysiology; Management