|
1
|
Bakogeorgos M, Kalkanis D, Katsaounis P, Ramfidis V, Speliades C, Pierrakou E, Papadopoulos S, Pantazopoulos N, Georgoulias V, Kotsakis A, Kentepozidis N. Small cell carcinoma of the stomach: A report of two cases and a review of the literature. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9:11-16. [PMID: 29896397 PMCID: PMC5995213 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary small cell gastric carcinomas (SCGC) are rare tumors with an aggressive nature, characterized by early, widespread metastases and poor overall prognosis. SCGC shares similar clinicopathological and molecular characteristics with small cell lung carcinoma and is usually treated in a similar manner. Here, two cases of SCGC in young Caucasian male patients are presented. One patient had metastatic and the other locoregional disease. Multimodal treatment was applied in each case; the resulting survival time was 20.2 months in the patient with initially locoregional disease whereas the remains alive and disease-free 20 months after initial diagnosis. A review of the literature is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marios Bakogeorgos
- Department of Medical Oncology, 251 General Air Force Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kalkanis
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, 251 General Air Force Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Vassilios Ramfidis
- Department of Medical Oncology, 251 General Air Force Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | - Vassilis Georgoulias
- First Department of Medical Oncology, Iaso General Hospital, 11562 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios Kotsakis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Kentepozidis
- Department of Medical Oncology, 251 General Air Force Hospital, 11525 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Kusunoki R, Fujishiro H, Onoda Y, Suemitsu S, Fujiwara A, Tsukano K, Kotani S, Kuroki D, Ogawa S, Yamanouchi S, Aimi M, Ito S, Miyaoka Y, Miyake T, Kohge N, Imaoka T, Takamura M, Ohnuma H, Ishihara S, Kinoshita Y. Large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from a gastritis cystica polyposa. Clin J Gastroenterol 2018; 11:133-137. [PMID: 29305822 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-017-0816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gastritis cystica polyposa is a polypoid lesion that arises from the gastric mucosa at the gastrojejunal anastomotic site and is characterized by cystic dilation of the gastric glands. A 78-year-old man who underwent distal gastrectomy for a gastric ulcer with Billroth II reconstruction approximately 40 years previously, exhibited a gastritis cystica polyposa at the anastomotic site. Ulceration was observed on an annual endoscopic examination. Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a submucosal hypoechoic mass with multiple cystic lesions. Gastrectomy was performed and histological examination revealed a large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with cystic dilation of the gastric glands. Here, we report the first case of a large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from a gastritis cystica polyposa. Endoscopic ultrasonography was effective at diagnosing a submucosal hypoechoic mass with cystic dilation of the gastric glands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryusaku Kusunoki
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Fujishiro
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Onoda
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Suemitsu
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Aya Fujiwara
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsukano
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kotani
- Departments of Endoscopy, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kuroki
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ogawa
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamanouchi
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Masahito Aimi
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Satoko Ito
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Youichi Miyaoka
- Departments of Endoscopy, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Miyake
- Departments of Hepatology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Naruaki Kohge
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Tomonori Imaoka
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1 Himebara, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8555, Japan
| | - Michio Takamura
- Departments of Surgery, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ohnuma
- Departments of Pathology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Izumo, Japan
| | - Shunji Ishihara
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kinoshita
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Liu DJ, Fu XL, Liu W, Zheng LY, Zhang JF, Huo YM, Li J, Hua R, Liu Q, Sun YW. Clinicopathological, treatment, and prognosis study of 43 gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:516-524. [PMID: 28210088 PMCID: PMC5291857 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i3.516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To provide more information and therapeutic methods about gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas (G-NECs) which occur rarely but are highly malignant and clinically challenging.
METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics, treatments, and prognosis of 43 G-NEC patients at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2014. The diagnosis was based on the 2010 World Health Organization criteria.
RESULTS Forty-three G-NECs containing 39 small cell carcinomas and 4 large cell NECs with Ki67 > 60% were included in this study, accounting for only 0.95% of all gastric carcinomas. The median patient age was 62 years (range, 33-82) and the male-to-female ratio was 4.4:1. All patients underwent surgery, including 38 curative resections and 5 palliative resections. Among these 43 patients, nearly half (48.84%) of these tumors were located in the cardiac region of the stomach, regional lymph node metastasis was found in 31 cases (72.09%), and liver metastasis was found in 6 cases (13.95%). Follow-up information was got for 40 patients. Twenty-three die of this disease with a median survival of 31 mo (range 1-90). The 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rate was 77.50%, 57.04%, 44.51%, and 35.05%, respectively. Survival was better in patients with tumor located in the cardiac region of the stomach, less than 7 lymph nodes metastasis and no liver metastasis. Five patients did not undergo postoperative chemotherapy, and the median survival time for these patients was 15 mo. For the remaining 34 patients who received postoperative chemotherapy, the median survival time was 44 mo and those received etoposide, cisplatin, and Paclitaxel survived the best. One patient with resected liver metastasis who received postoperative Capecitabine plus Oxaliplatin and Paclitaxel systemic chemotherapy plus octreotide LAR (30 mg intramuscularly, every 4 wk, for 2 years) has survived for 74 mo with no recurrence.
CONCLUSION G-NECs are mostly nonfunctioning, which lead to a delay in detection. Local and/or distant metastases were noticed in most patients when diagnosed, and they required postoperative medical treatment. Adjuvant etoposide, cisplatin plus Paclitaxel systemic chemotherapy is recommended for these patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Large Cell/surgery
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/mortality
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/pathology
- Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine/surgery
- Carcinoma, Small Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Small Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Small Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Small Cell/surgery
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant/methods
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/mortality
- Liver Neoplasms/secondary
- Liver Neoplasms/surgery
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/epidemiology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy
- Prognosis
- Retrospective Studies
- Stomach Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Stomach Neoplasms/mortality
- Stomach Neoplasms/pathology
- Stomach Neoplasms/surgery
- Survival Analysis
- Survival Rate
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Xie JW, Sun YQ, Feng CY, Zheng CH, Li P, Wang JB, Lin JX, Lu J, Chen QY, Cao LL, Lin M, Tu RH, Yang YH, Huang CM. Evaluation of clinicopathological factors related to the prognosis of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2016; 42:1464-1470. [PMID: 27570115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the clinicopathology and prognosis of gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma (GNEC) is rare, and a uniform standard for treatment has not been established. Therefore, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 132 cases of GNEC to investigate the factors influencing prognosis. METHODS A total of 132 patients diagnosed with GNEC at Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from January 2006 to December 2013 were enrolled. This study was performed to analyze the factors related to patient prognosis. RESULTS In total, 58 men and 74 women whose ages ranged from 38 to 83 years old (62 ± 10) were enrolled. The 1- and 3-year survival rates for these patients were 83.9% and 47.6%, respectively. Of these patients, 100 underwent radical resection, 22 underwent palliative resection, and 10 received chemotherapy alone. The median survival times following radical resection, palliative resection and chemotherapy alone were 48, 20 and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.01). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses of patients who underwent radical resection showed that tumor size, N stage, Ki-67 labeling index, mitotic index and the application of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy were independent factors affecting patient prognosis. The correlation analysis of the Ki-67 labeling index and mitotic index with prognosis showed that patient survival decreased significantly when the Ki-67 labeling index increased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients who underwent radical resection had the best prognosis among GNEC. For these patients, tumor size, N stage, Ki-67 labeling index, mitotic index and the application of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy were the clinicopathological factors significantly associated with patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-W Xie
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Y-Q Sun
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - C-Y Feng
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - C-H Zheng
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - P Li
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - J-B Wang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - J-X Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - J Lu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Q-Y Chen
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - L-L Cao
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - M Lin
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - R-H Tu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Y-H Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.
| | - C-M Huang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, No. 29 Xinquan Road, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Small-cell undifferentiated (neuroendocrine) carcinoma of the nasal cavity treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy including irinotecan and cisplatin. Int Cancer Conf J 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13691-013-0106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
|
6
|
Kubota T, Ohyama S, Hiki N, Nunobe S, Yamamoto N, Yamaguchi T. Endocrine carcinoma of the stomach: clinicopathological analysis of 27 surgically treated cases in a single institute. Gastric Cancer 2012; 15:323-30. [PMID: 22252152 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-011-0122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric endocrine carcinoma (EC) is an uncommon tumor of the stomach and the clinical features are not well known. Additionally, the classification and staging systems of this tumor are not yet unified worldwide. In this study, we reviewed 27 patients with gastric EC to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of this tumor. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 27 patients with gastric EC among 6466 patients who had undergone gastrectomy between 1986 and 2008 at our institute. Clinicopathological features including immunohistochemistry of Ki-67 were investigated to evaluate the malignant potential of the tumor. Furthermore, survivals were compared between the 7th edition of the International Union Against Cancer (UICC)-TNM (7th TNM) classification for gastric cancer (GC) and the new TNM classification for foregut neuroendocrine tumors (NET). RESULTS The median survival of the patients was 19.0 months. The 5-year survival rate was 100% in pathological stage (pStage) I, 40% in pStage II, 38% in pStage III, and 11% in pStage IV according to the 7th TNM classification for GC. Survivals by stage showed great difference between the 7th TNM classification for GC and the new TNM classification for foregut NET, but each system correlated with survival. The Ki-67 labeling index was more than 20% in most of the patients. Univariate analysis revealed that maximum tumor diameter, tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, pStage, and curability had significant correlations with survival. CONCLUSION Early detection and curative operations are essential for improving the prognosis of gastric EC. However, some adjuvant chemotherapies are required for advanced-stage tumors. Classification and staging systems may need to be unified worldwide for further analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
7
|
Huang J, Zhou Y, Zhao X, Zhang H, Yuan X, Wang J. Primary small cell carcinoma of the stomach: an experience of two decades (1990-2011) in a Chinese cancer institute. J Surg Oncol 2012; 106:994-8. [PMID: 22674018 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary gastric small cell carcinoma (GSCC) is a rare and aggressive disease for which the standard treatment has not been established. The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics and survival. METHODS All cases of GSCC treated at our institute from January 1990 to December 2011 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Statistical analyses were performed using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS A total of 19 patients from 11,603 cases (0.16%) of all gastric cancers treated during this period were identified. The median age was 61 years and the patients were predominantly men. Using the latest AJCC Staging Criteria, the majority of the patients (68.4%) were Stage III. All patients underwent surgery. The median overall survival time (MST) was 19.5 months (95% CI 17.5-21.6 months). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 77.3%, 44.2%, and 22.1%, respectively. The MST of 48.5 months for cases who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was superior to that of 19.0 months for cases who did not (P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that GSCC patients can be treated effectively with combined modality of treatment, despite the aggressive nature of GSCC. Systemic therapy, based on chemotherapy with surgery, is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute & Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Gastric composite tumor of alpha fetoprotein-producing carcinoma/hepatoid adenocarcinoma and endocrine carcinoma with reference to cellular phenotypes. PATHOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2012:201375. [PMID: 22482081 PMCID: PMC3317075 DOI: 10.1155/2012/201375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein-producing carcinoma (AFPC)/hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) are uncommon in the stomach. Composite tumors consisting of these carcinomas and their histologic phenotypes are not well known. Between 2002 and 2007, to estimate the prevalence of composite tumors consisting of tubular adenocarcinoma, AFPC/HAC and NEC, we reviewed specimens obtained from 294 consecutive patients treated surgically for gastric cancer. We examined histological phenotype of tumors of AFPC or NEC containing the composite tumor by evaluating immunohistochemical expressions of MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, CDX2, and SOX2. Immunohistochemically, AFPC/HAC dominantly showed the intestinal or mixed phenotype, and NEC frequently showed the gastric phenotype. In the composite tumor, the tubular and hepatoid components showed the gastric phenotype, and the neuroendocrine component showed the mixed type. The unique composite tumor predominantly showed the gastric phenotype, and the hepatoid and neuroendocrine components were considered to be differentiated from the tubular component.
Collapse
|
|
9
|
|
|
10
|
Richards D, Davis D, Yan P, Guha S. Unusual case of small cell gastric carcinoma: case report and literature review. Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56:951-957. [PMID: 20848201 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-010-1404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell carcinomas are among the most aggressive, poorly differentiated, and highly malignant of the neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Of which, small cell gastric carcinoma is a rare small cell neuroendocrine tumor. The purpose of our study was to present this case and perform a comprehensive literature review. METHODS AND RESULTS We review a case of small cell gastric carcinoma that is particularly unusual in that it occurred in a woman from the US when the majority of cases of small cell gastric carcinoma have been reported in men from East Asia, and more specifically, from Japan. The diagnosis was made after endoscopy revealed a large ulcerated mass in the gastric cardia of Borrmann type 3. Biopsies revealed multiple small basophilic cells underlying the squamous epithelium of the esophagus and cardiac mucosa, indicating the presence of a tumor at the gastroesophageal junction. Immunostaining established the diagnosis with positive stains for chromogranin, synaptophysin, and CD56. Our patient is being treated with chemotherapy, but many different treatment regimens have been tried for small cell gastric carcinoma with variable success. CONCLUSIONS Overall prognosis for small cell gastric carcinoma is dismal. Neuroendocrine tumors in general have variable clinical behaviors and prognosis is dependent on the neuroendocrine tumor type. The adoption of a standardized classification system for neuroendocrine tumors could improve the recognition of infrequently encountered neuroendocrine tumors like small cell gastric carcinoma and will enhance strategies for treatment and thus improve prognosis for patients with these rare and aggressive tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Richards
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Li AFY, Hsu HS, Hsu CY, Li ACH, Li WY, Liang WY, Chen JY. A 20-year retrospective study of small-cell carcinomas in Taiwan. J Surg Oncol 2010; 102:497-502. [PMID: 20872953 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Small-cell carcinomas (SCC) develop most commonly in the lung (small-cell lung carcinoma, SCLC) and only small percentages are present at extra-pulmonary sites. This study aimed to examine the distribution, treatment, and survival of SCCs. METHODS The records for 922 SCC cases of various origins between January 1989 and December 2008 were retrieved and analyzed. RESULTS The lung (89.2%) was the most common location, followed by the esophagus (1.8%), urinary bladder (1.6%), uterine cervix (1.5%), colorectum (1.4%), skin (1.0%), stomach (0.9%), head and neck (0.7%), prostate (0.3%), and small intestine (0.1%). Limited disease (LD) SCLC patients underwent surgery and chemotherapy had significantly higher survival rates than those who received chemotherapy alone, those who underwent combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and those who were administered supportive treatment. Actuarial 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rate was 28.9%, 9.4%, and 4.8% for total SCLC cases, 41.3%, 17.5%, and 9.6% for LD-SCLC patients, and 21.9%, 4.2%, and 1.8% for extensive disease (ED)-SCLC patients (P < 0.001). The survival rates for lung and stomach SCC patients with LD were significantly better than for patients with ED; cervical SCC stages I and IIa patients had better survival rates than patients with stage IIb and above (P = 0.034). CONCLUSION The lung was the most common location of SCCs, with 9.3% of cases being extra-pulmonary in origin. The need for combined surgery and chemotherapy in LD-SCLC patients deserves further evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fen-Yau Li
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Katano T, Takahashi Y, Miyamoto T. An autopsy case of primary small cell gastric carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Clin J Gastroenterol 2010; 3:144-8. [PMID: 26190121 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-010-0153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A 62-year-old man was emergently admitted to our hospital because of disturbance of consciousness. Computed tomography of the chest and abdomen showed pleural effusion, ascites, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed bleeding from an irregular ulcerative lesion in the lesser curvature of the middle portion of the gastric body, and exhibited the morphology of Borrman type 4 gastric cancer. The patient died on the seventh hospital day. At autopsy, a diagnosis of primary small cell gastric carcinoma associated with adenocarcinoma was made. Primary small cell gastric carcinoma and its coexistence with adenocarcinoma, as in this case, is rare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Katano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chita Kosei Hospital, 81-6 Nishitani, Kowa, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Yoshitsugu Takahashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chita Kosei Hospital, 81-6 Nishitani, Kowa, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tadahisa Miyamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chita Kosei Hospital, 81-6 Nishitani, Kowa, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Abe N, Sugiyama M, Mizuno H, Suzuki Y, Masaki T, Mori T, Atomi Y. Advanced ampullary carcinoma showing complete response to S-1: report of a case. Surg Today 2010; 40:574-7. [PMID: 20496142 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-008-4091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a case of advanced ampullary carcinoma with para-aortic lymph node metastasis, which showed a complete response to S-1. The patient underwent cholecystectomy and Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy, and was then given S-1 orally 80 mg daily for 14 days, followed by 7 days of rest. After four cycles of the S-1 chemotherapy, both the tumor and the swollen paraaortic lymph node had completely disappeared. An additional six cycles were given at the request of the patient. No adverse effects were seen during the S-1 chemotherapy, and the patient has been free of the disease for the 27 months since its completion. Thus, S-1 monotherapy may be considered as a chemotherapeutic strategy for unresectable ampullary carcinoma, although large-scale studies will be required to confirm its true efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobutsugu Abe
- Department of Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Tanoue Y, Tanaka N, Suzuki Y, Hata S, Yokota A. A case report of endocrine cell carcinoma in the sigmoid colon with inferior mesenteric vein tumor embolism. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:248-51. [PMID: 19132778 PMCID: PMC2653316 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of endocrine cell carcinoma in the sigmoid colon with inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) tumor embolism. A 79-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with narrowing of the stools. We performed colonoscopy, computed tomography and positron emission tomography, which disclosed sigmoid colon cancer with IMV tumor embolism. She underwent sigmoidectomy and lymph node dissection. The tumor was diagnosed as endocrine cell carcinoma (type 4, pSS, med, INF&agr;, v3, n1, stage IIIb). Immunohistochemically, chromographin A, synaptophysin, cytokeratin 20 and mucicarmine showed partial staining, and CD56 was totally reactive. Three months after operation multiple liver metastases appeared. She was treated with chemotherapy of cisplatin (CDDP) + irinotecan (CPT11). This case highlights the aggressiveness of endocrine cell carcinoma with tumor embolism, and it is essential to establish an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.
Collapse
|