Liquid biopsy in hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers: A paradigm shift in early detection, prognostic stratification, and perioperative monitoring

Table 6 Role of liquid biopsy in postoperative period

No.	Title of study	Ref.	Conclusion of study
1	Clearance of circulating tumor cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing surgical resection or liver transplantation	Amado et al[69], 2021	Investigates CTC clearance post-surgery or liver transplantation, indicating its potential as a prognostic factor in HCC
2	Prognostic impact of postoperative circulating tumor DNA as a molecular minimal residual disease marker in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing surgical resection	Hata et al[70], 2023	Suggests that postoperative ctDNA can be used as a MRD marker to predict pancreatic cancer recurrence
3	Current progress in the clinical use of circulating tumor cells as prognostic biomarkers	Jin et al[71], 2019	Reviews the clinical applications of CTCs as prognostic biomarkers across various cancers
4	CTCs: A unique model of cancer metastases and non-invasive biomarkers of therapeutic response	Liu et al[72], 2021	Highlights the role of CTCs as biomarkers for monitoring treatment response and cancer metastasis
5	Exosome-derived differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA with risk of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence	Wang et al[73], 2021	Suggests that exosomal non-protein coding RNA is associated with HCV-related HCC recurrence risk
6	Exosomal circ-PTPN22 and circ-ADAMTS6 mark T cell exhaustion and neutrophil extracellular traps in Asian intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	Wang et al[74], 2023	Identifies exosomal circ-PTPN22 and circ-ADAMTS6 as markers of immune exhaustion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

CTC: Circulating tumor cells; ctDNA: Circulating tumor DNA; cfDNA: Cell free DNA; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.