Why the migration of peritoneal shunt catheter into the scrotum occurs more in children: A systematic literature review

Table 2 Patient demographics and details of ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter migration in adults and older people (n = 8)

Number	Ref.	Indication for VPS insertion	Age VPS insertion	Age scrotal migration	Interval	VPS (revision)	Site (right/left)	Operative procedures executed	Outcome
1	Rehm et al[106], 1997	Hydrocephalus (brain tumor)	46 years	50 years	4 years	No	Right	G	Death
2	Korfias et al[107], 2013	Hydrocephalus (arachnoid cyst)	29.6 years	30 years	6 months	No	Left	A	R
3	Lee et al[108], 2015	Hydrocephalus (NPH)	65 years	65 years	7 days	No	Right	D	R
4	Foster et al[109], 2019	Hydrocephalus (post haemorrhagic)	Infant? (N/A)	27 years	Days?	Yes	Right	B	R
5	Perret et al[110], 2021	Hydrocephalus (N/A)	16 years	22 years	6 years	No	Right	I	R
6	Khoudir et al[111], 2022	Hydrocephalus (NPH)	75 years	75.4 years	4 months	No	Right	C	R
7	Ndongo Sonfack et al[112], 2022	Hydrocephalus (NPH)	73 years	73 years	2 days	Yes	Right	A	R
8	Vicaría and Unzué[113], 2022	Hydrocephalus (NPH)	80 years	80.2 years	47 days	No	Right	G	Death

A: Reposition of migrated distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter into the peritoneal cavity and inguinal herniotomy; B: Reposition (spontaneous) of migrated distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter into the peritoneal cavity and inguinal herniotomy; C: Removal of part of migrated distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter, repositioning of the remaining peritoneal catheter into the peritoneal cavity and inguinal herniotomy; D: Removal of part of migrated distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter, repositioning of the remaining peritoneal catheter into the peritoneal cavity without inguinal herniotomy; G: Removal of the entire ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter alone; I: Removal of entire ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter with re-ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion/ventriculoperitoneal shunt revision and inguinal herniotomy; N/A: Not available/details not available; NPH: Normal pressure hydrocephalus; R: Recovered; VPS: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt.