Leowattana W, Leowattana P, Leowattana T. Immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. World J Methodol 2023; 13(3): 79-97 [PMID: 37456977 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v13.i3.79]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Wattana Leowattana, BMed, MD, MSc, PhD, Full Professor, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajavithi road, Tungphyathai, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand. wattana.leo@mahidol.ac.th
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Wattana Leowattana, Pathomthep Leowattana, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand
Tawithep Leowattana, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Wattana 10110, Bangkok, Thailand
Author contributions: Leowattana W wrote the paper; Leowattana T and Leowattana P collected the data.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Wattana Leowattana, BMed, MD, MSc, PhD, Full Professor, Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajavithi road, Tungphyathai, Rachatawee 10400, Bangkok, Thailand. wattana.leo@mahidol.ac.th
Received: April 1, 2023 Peer-review started: April 1, 2023 First decision: May 4, 2023 Revised: May 11, 2023 Accepted: May 31, 2023 Article in press: May 31, 2023 Published online: June 20, 2023
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is believed to be the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of death worldwide. Treatment techniques include radiation, chemotherapy, gastrectomy, and targeted treatments are often employed. Some hopeful results from the development of GC immunotherapy have already changed treatment approaches. Along with previous combination medicines, new immunotherapies have been developed that target distinct molecules. Despite ongoing studies into the current therapeutic options and significant improvements in this field, the prognosis for the ailment is poor. Since there are few treatment options and a delay in detection, the illness actually advances, spreads, and metastasizes. The bulk of immunotherapies in use today rely on cytotoxic immune cells, monoclonal antibodies, and gene-transferred vaccines. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become more popular. In this review, we sought to examine the viewpoint and development of several immunotherapy treatment modalities for advanced GC, as well as the clinical results thus far reported. Additionally, we outlined tumor immune escape and tumor immunosurveillance.
Core Tip: Throughout the globe, gastric cancer (GC) is ranked as the fifth most frequent cancer and the third most common cause of death. Chemotherapy, radiation, stomach resection, and targeted treatments are common treatment modalities. The development of immunotherapy for GC has already produced some encouraging outcomes and changed the treatment process. Currently, new immunotherapies that target novel molecules, as well as other combination treatments, have been developed. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are being used more and more often. In this review, we sought to examine the viewpoint, development, and reported clinical results of several immunotherapy treatment modalities for advanced GC patients.
