Trends of characteristics and outcomes of donors and recipients of deceased donor liver transplantation in the United States: 1990 to 2013

Table 6 Graft status n (%)

Recipient characteristics	Total	5 yr periods				P-value1
		Period 1	Period 2	Period 3	Period 4
		1990-1994	1995-1999	2000-2004	2005-2009
Graft status						< 0.0001
Not Failed	35460 (50.4)	2879 (26.6)	6221 (39)	10361 (52.6)	15999 (67)
Failed	34917 (49.6)	7950 (73.4)	9749 (61.1)	9342 (47.4)	7876 (33)
Treated for rejection ≤ 12 mo						< 0.0001
Unknown	37869 (53.8)	10081 (93.1)	12610 (79)	8066 (40.9)	7112 (29.8)
No	25835 (36.7)	145 (1.3)	2000 (12.5)	9392 (47.7)	14298 (59.9)
Yes	6673 (9.5)	603 (5.6)	1360 (8.5)	2245 (11.4)	2465 (10.3)
Causes of graft failure
Biliary						< 0.001
Unknown	23875 (68.4)	6299 (79.2)	6558 (62.3)	5989 (64.1)	5029 (63.9)
No	10098 (28.9)	1514 (19)	2981 (30.6)	3112 (33.3)	2491 (31.6)
Yes	944 (2.7)	137 (1.7)	210 (2.1)	241 (2.6)	356 (4.5)
Hep de novo						0.0006
Unknown	23854 (68.32)	6329 (79.61)	6551 (67.2)	5971 (63.92)	5003 (63.52)
No	10968 (31.41)	1591 (20.01)	3168 (32.5)	3356 (35.92)	2853 (36.22)
Yes	95 (0.27)	30 (0.38)	30 (0.31)	15 (0.16)	20 (0.25)
Hep recurrence						0.9
Unknown	23670 (67.79)	6230 (78.36)	6523 (66.91)	5929 (63.47)	4988 (63.33)
No	8086 (23.16)	1232 (15.5)	2387 (24.48)	2403 (25.72)	2064 (26.21)
Yes	3161 (9.05)	488 (6.14)	839 (8.61)	1010 (10.81)	824 (10.46)
Infection						<0.001
Unknown	23794 (68.14)	6213 (78.15)	6564 (67.33)	5986 (64.08)	5031 (63.88)
No	9429 (27)	1333 (16.77)	2690 (27.59)	2897 (31.01)	2509 (31.86)
Yes	1694 (4.85)	404 (5.08)	495 (5.08)	459 (4.91)	336 (4.27)
Primary graft failure						0.0013
Unknown	23289 (66.7)	5921 (74.48)	6475 (66.42)	5901 (63.17)	4992 (63.38)
No	8392 (24.03)	1369 (17.22)	2432 (24.95)	2521 (26.99)	2070 (26.28)
Yes	3236 (9.27)	660 (8.3)	842 (8.64)	920 (9.85)	814 (10.34)
Recurrent disease						0.3
Unknown	23686 (67.84)	6177 (77.7)	6536 (67.04)	5965 (63.85)	5008 (63.59)
No	9548 (27.34)	1464 (18.42)	2862 (29.36)	2890 (30.94)	2332 (29.61)
Yes	1683 (4.82)	309 (3.89)	351 (3.6)	487 (5.21)	536 (6.81)
Acute rejection						0.6
Unknown	23854 (68.32)	6318 (79.47)	6546 (67.15)	5969 (63.89)	5021 (63.75)
No	10374 (29.71)	1530 (19.25)	2999 (30.76)	3180 (34.04)	2665 (33.84)
Yes	689 (1.97)	102 (1.28)	204 (2.09)	193 (2.07)	190 (2.41)
Chronic rejection						<0.001
Unknown	26635 (76.28)	6507 (81.85)	7441 (76.33)	6927 (74.15)	5760 (73.13)
No	7018 (20.1)	1124 (14.14)	1949 (19.99)	2128 (22.78)	1817 (23.07)
Yes	1264 (3.62)	319 (4.01)	359 (3.68)	287 (3.07)	299 (3.8)
Vascular thrombosis						0.3
Unknown	23750 (68.02)	6231 (78.38)	6535 (67.03)	5970 (63.9)	5014 (63.66)
No	9635 (27.59)	1473 (18.53)	2780 (28.52)	2964 (31.73)	2418 (30.7)
Yes	1532 (4.39)	246 (3.09)	434 (4.45)	408 (4.37)	444 (5.64)

¹Contrast between period 1 and 4. Unknown: Data not available; Hep: Hepatitis.